Schema: startTime

In-depth Course JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe as PED-412, the Royal Institute of Medicine graduate course where students read Jane Xoo's 1945 paper as required material. Covers the critical distinction between Course (the abstract concept) and CourseInstance (specific scheduled offerings), the hasCourseInstance linking pattern, and ISO 8601 durations for timeRequired and courseWorkload.

CourseInstance JSON-LD example for the Fall 2026 offering of PED-412, a pediatric medicine course. Covers courseMode, courseSchedule with Schedule, courseWorkload, instructor (the 4 properties unique to CourseInstance), and how CourseInstance relates to Course.

FoodEstablishmentReservation JSON-LD example for a dinner booking at The Dunmore Grill. Covers startTime, endTime, and partySize (the 3 properties unique to FoodEstablishmentReservation), plus how Gmail displays restaurant reservation cards.

Action JSON-LD example for the parent type behind all schema.org activity verbs. Covers the 7 Action properties (agent, object, participant, startTime, endTime, location, result), the Action state values (PotentialActionStatus, ActiveActionStatus, CompletedActionStatus, FailedActionStatus), and how Action subtypes attach to entities as potentialAction or subjectOf.

AchieveAction JSON-LD example for completing a certification. AchieveAction is the parent of WinAction, LoseAction, and TieAction for actions that result in an accomplishment.

AssessAction JSON-LD example for evaluating a product. AssessAction is the parent of ReviewAction, ChooseAction, and ReactAction for actions that evaluate or judge something.

ControlAction JSON-LD example for activating a subscription. ControlAction is the parent of ActivateAction, DeactivateAction, ResumeAction, and SuspendAction for lifecycle actions on services and devices.

CreateAction JSON-LD example for writing a blog post. CreateAction is the parent of WriteAction, PhotographAction, DrawAction, FilmAction, CookAction, and PaintAction for actions that produce a CreativeWork.

InteractAction JSON-LD example for registering for a course. InteractAction is the parent of CommunicateAction, FollowAction, JoinAction, LeaveAction, MarryAction, RegisterAction, BefriendAction, and SubscribeAction for social and community actions.

MoveAction JSON-LD example for traveling between cities. MoveAction is the parent of TravelAction, ArriveAction, and DepartAction for movement between places.

OrganizeAction JSON-LD example for bookmarking a product. OrganizeAction is the parent of AllocateAction, ApplyAction, BookmarkAction, and PlanAction for actions that arrange or schedule something.

PlayAction JSON-LD example for a live concert performance. PlayAction is the parent of PerformAction and ExerciseAction for actions with entertainment or recreational value.

SolveMathAction JSON-LD example for solving an equation. SolveMathAction is used on math education content to express the act of solving a problem, paired with eduQuestionType.

TradeAction JSON-LD example for a purchase. TradeAction is the parent of BuyAction, SellAction, OrderAction, PayAction, DonateAction, RentAction, TipAction, PreOrderAction, and QuoteAction for commerce actions.

UpdateAction JSON-LD example for adding a product to a cart. UpdateAction is the parent of AddAction, DeleteAction, and ReplaceAction for actions that modify a collection or entity.

InteractionCounter JSON-LD example for the aggregate likes / shares / comments / views count that sits under interactionStatistic on CreativeWork and Organization. StructuredValue subtype binding an Action type to a count, service, and optional time window.

ExerciseAction JSON-LD example for a running session — a PlayAction subtype describing exertive activity for health and fitness. Carries exerciseType, distance, sportsActivityLocation, exerciseCourse, exercisePlan, sportsEvent, opponent, and the diet/exerciseRelatedDiet pairing.

CommunicateAction JSON-LD example — the parent of AskAction, CheckInAction, CheckOutAction, CommentAction, InformAction, InviteAction, ReplyAction, and ShareAction. Carries recipient, about, language, and inLanguage.

DonateAction JSON-LD example for a charitable gift. TransferAction subtype carrying price, priceCurrency, priceSpecification, and recipient — used in email receipts and charity-platform action markup.

CookAction JSON-LD example for preparing a recipe. CreateAction subtype linking to a Recipe, a FoodEvent, or a FoodEstablishment — used in cooking activity streams and recipe execution markup.

LeaveAction JSON-LD reference — InteractAction subtype with event. Leaving an event / organization / community.