JSON-LD Code Examples
Complete JSON-LD examples for schema.org types. Each example includes a full markup block with the Xoo universe characters, property explanations, and common mistakes to avoid.
Content
Articles, videos, software, educational content, and other creative works.
In-depth Article JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe via Jane Xoo's 1945 pediatric paper, the artifact behind the Person example's claim that she redefined modern healthcare for children. Covers author @id references, the datePublished/dateModified/dateCreated triple, the 110-character headline rule, and Google's three-aspect-ratio image requirement.
BlogPosting JSON-LD example for a company blog post about the XooTee t-shirt launch. Covers the Blog container via isPartOf, comment and commentCount for reader discussion, interactionStatistic for engagement metrics, detailed author identity with worksFor cross-reference, and how BlogPosting differs from Article and NewsArticle.
NewsArticle JSON-LD example for a local business opening reported by the fictional Dunmore Herald. Covers dateline, NewsMediaOrganization as publisher with ethicsPolicy and masthead, speakable for Google Assistant news briefings, the print-edition trio, and @id cross-references to the Xoo Code Shop LocalBusiness.
TechArticle JSON-LD example for a developer tutorial on the XooStructured IDE. Covers proficiencyLevel, dependencies, timeRequired in ISO 8601, the CreativeWorkSeries container for documentation sets, and how TechArticle compares to HowTo for instructional content.
LiveBlogPosting JSON-LD example for live XooCon coverage. Covers coverageStartTime, coverageEndTime, and liveBlogUpdate (the 3 properties unique to LiveBlogPosting), plus Google's live blog rich result.
DiscussionForumPosting JSON-LD example for a community forum thread. DiscussionForumPosting adds no properties of its own; used for forum posts, Reddit-style threads, and community Q&A.
ScholarlyArticle JSON-LD example for Jane Xoo's 1945 paper. ScholarlyArticle adds no properties of its own; used for peer-reviewed academic papers, journal articles, and research publications.
SocialMediaPosting JSON-LD example for a microblog post with a shared image. SocialMediaPosting is an Article subtype that adds one property, sharedContent, for the embedded asset being shared or quoted. It is the parent of BlogPosting and DiscussionForumPosting.
AdvertiserContentArticle JSON-LD example for sponsored editorial content. Google's spam policy requires paid editorial to be clearly marked; AdvertiserContentArticle is the machine-readable half of that disclosure.
SatiricalArticle JSON-LD stub for satire and parody articles. Direct Article subtype with no unique properties.
ReportageNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for journalistic news reports based on direct observation and verification. Pending NewsArticle subtype with no unique properties.
OpinionNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for opinion columns, editorials, and op-eds. Pending NewsArticle subtype with no unique properties.
AnalysisNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for explainers, deep-dives, and analysis of news events. Pending NewsArticle subtype with no unique properties.
ReviewNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for news reviews (restaurant reviews, film reviews, product reviews as news pieces). Pending NewsArticle subtype; for a standalone Review without the news wrapper, use the Review type directly.
BackgroundNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for background explainers that provide context for unfolding news events. Pending NewsArticle subtype with no unique properties.
AskPublicNewsArticle JSON-LD stub for public-Q-and-A news pieces, reader-question columns, and civic dialogue formats. Pending NewsArticle subtype with no unique properties.
VideoObject JSON-LD example for a product walkthrough video with five key-moment Clips, ISO 8601 duration, interactionStatistic view count, and publisher cross-referencing the Xoo Code Shop Dunmore LocalBusiness entity. Covers contentUrl vs embedUrl, the hasPart Clip pattern for key moments, and the duration format developers get wrong.
AudioObject JSON-LD example for the Xoo Code podcast episode audio file. Covers caption, transcript, and embeddedTextCaption (the 3 properties unique to AudioObject), plus contentUrl, encodingFormat, and duration.
In-depth SoftwareApplication JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe via XooStructured, Xoo Code Inc.'s flagship cross-platform IDE for authoring JSON-LD schema markup. Shows how the same Offer and AggregateRating pattern from Product applies to intangible digital goods, plus app-specific properties for system requirements, permissions, versioning, and multi-OS support.
WebApplication JSON-LD example for the XooCode structured data testing tool. WebApplication adds one property (browserRequirements) on top of SoftwareApplication.
MobileApplication JSON-LD example for a fictional XooCode mobile app. MobileApplication adds one property (carrierRequirements) on top of SoftwareApplication.
SoftwareSourceCode JSON-LD example for the XooStructured IDE open-source validator. Covers codeRepository, programmingLanguage, codeSampleType, runtimePlatform, and targetProduct (the 5 properties unique to SoftwareSourceCode).
In-depth Course JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe as PED-412, the Royal Institute of Medicine graduate course where students read Jane Xoo's 1945 paper as required material. Covers the critical distinction between Course (the abstract concept) and CourseInstance (specific scheduled offerings), the hasCourseInstance linking pattern, and ISO 8601 durations for timeRequired and courseWorkload.
FAQPage JSON-LD example for the Xoo Code Shop Dunmore visitor FAQ. Covers the mainEntity composition pattern, Question and Answer nesting, when to use FAQPage vs QAPage, and the 2023 Google rich result change that redefined when FAQ markup earns a SERP card.
HowTo JSON-LD example for screen-printing a XooTee graphic tee at Xoo Code Shop Dunmore. Covers HowToStep with per-step URLs and images, HowToSupply and HowToTool for materials and equipment, MonetaryAmount for estimatedCost, ISO 8601 totalTime, and the 2023 Google rich result changes.
HowToStep JSON-LD example for a step in a structured data implementation guide. HowToStep adds no properties of its own; it inherits from CreativeWork, ItemList, and ListItem simultaneously.
Book JSON-LD example for Jane Xoo's 1948 pediatric textbook, the expanded version of her 1945 paper. Covers ISBN, numberOfPages, bookEdition, bookFormat, workExample for editions, inLanguage, the Offers pattern for book pricing, and publisher as Organization with @id cross-references to the Person and Article examples.
Movie JSON-LD example for a documentary about Jane Xoo's pediatric work. Covers director, actor, duration in ISO 8601, contentRating, releasedEvent for premiere details, aggregateRating, review with nested Rating, and the WatchAction pattern for streaming links that Google uses to build the movie knowledge panel.
Dataset JSON-LD example for Jane Xoo's 1945-1955 pediatric outcome data. Covers distribution with DataDownload for file formats, temporalCoverage and spatialCoverage, variableMeasured, license, measurementTechnique, and how Dataset markup feeds Google Dataset Search.
QAPage JSON-LD example for a community Q&A thread about XooStructured validation errors. Covers the QAPage/Question/Answer trio, acceptedAnswer vs suggestedAnswer, answerCount, upvoteCount, and how QAPage differs from FAQPage for community-driven question-and-answer content.
MusicRecording JSON-LD example for a film score track from The Children's Doctor documentary. Covers byArtist, recordingOf with MusicComposition and ISWC code, ISRC code, inAlbum cross-reference, duration in ISO 8601, and ListenAction for streaming links.
MusicAlbum JSON-LD example for The Children's Doctor film score. Covers track listing with MusicRecording references, numTracks, albumProductionType and albumReleaseType enums, byArtist as a shared credit, and how MusicAlbum connects to MusicRecording via the track property.
Photograph JSON-LD example for a portrait of Jane Xoo from 1945. Covers contentUrl, thumbnail, exifData with PropertyValue pairs, copyrightHolder, acquireLicensePage for licensing, locationCreated with Place, and how Photograph differs from ImageObject for standalone photo pages.
DigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a downloadable PDF whitepaper on structured data ROI. Covers hasDigitalDocumentPermission for access control, encoding with MediaObject for file metadata, pagination, and how DigitalDocument differs from Article for non-HTML published content.
PodcastEpisode JSON-LD example for the Xoo Code podcast discussing structured data with a guest. Covers partOfSeries with PodcastSeries, associatedMedia with AudioObject for the episode file, episodeNumber, seasonNumber, timeRequired, and how podcast markup feeds Google Podcasts and AI-powered podcast discovery.
Menu JSON-LD example for The Dunmore Grill's dinner menu. Covers hasMenuSection and hasMenuItem (the 2 properties unique to Menu), plus MenuItem with offers for pricing and MenuSection for course grouping.
CreativeWork JSON-LD example for a whitepaper publication. CreativeWork is the parent of Article, Book, Movie, SoftwareApplication, and 100+ other types. Covers the most important of its 121 direct properties: author, datePublished, publisher, license, citation, and isPartOf.
MediaObject JSON-LD example for a downloadable PDF report. MediaObject is the parent of VideoObject, AudioObject, and ImageObject. Covers the most important of its 20 direct properties: contentUrl, encodingFormat, contentSize, duration, uploadDate, and requiresSubscription.
Comment JSON-LD example for a blog post reply. Covers downvoteCount, upvoteCount, parentItem, and sharedContent (the 4 properties unique to Comment), plus how to structure comment threads with nested replies.
PodcastSeries JSON-LD example for the Xoo Code podcast. Covers webFeed and actor (the 2 properties unique to PodcastSeries), plus how PodcastSeries connects to PodcastEpisode and PodcastSeason.
PodcastSeason JSON-LD example for Season 2 of the Xoo Code podcast. PodcastSeason adds no properties of its own; it groups episodes within a PodcastSeries by season number.
SearchAction JSON-LD example for a site search box. Shows how to embed SearchAction inside WebSite markup to trigger Google's sitelinks search box. Covers the query-input parameter syntax, target URL patterns, and common implementation errors.
ItemList JSON-LD example for a curated top-5 Xoo products page. Covers ListItem with position and url for carousel eligibility, the difference between summary and detail pages, numberOfItems, itemListOrder, and how Google uses ItemList to render carousel rich results for listicle content.
ClaimReview JSON-LD example for a fact-check of the claim that Jane Xoo's pediatric framework reduced infant mortality by 60%. Covers claimReviewed, reviewRating with the textual verdict scale, itemReviewed as a Claim with firstAppearance, and how Google uses ClaimReview for the fact-check rich result and label in search results.
SpecialAnnouncement JSON-LD example for a venue closure notice. Covers the 13 properties unique to SpecialAnnouncement including datePosted, announcementLocation, category, and the COVID-era health information properties that remain useful for any emergency or public notice.
DefinedTerm JSON-LD example for a glossary entry. Covers inDefinedTermSet, termCode, and about (the 3 properties unique to DefinedTerm), plus how DefinedTerm works with DefinedTermSet for structured glossaries and taxonomies.
Guide JSON-LD example for a buying guide, product recommendation guide, or ranked list. Pending CreativeWork subtype adding category and reviewAspect.
HyperToc JSON-LD example for a hypertext table of contents attached to a video or audio work. Pending CreativeWork subtype adding tocEntry (HyperTocEntry) and associatedMedia.
HyperTocEntry JSON-LD example for a single entry in a HyperToc. Pending CreativeWork subtype adding associatedMedia, tocContinuation, and utterances. Time range via inherited startOffset/endOffset.
AmpStory JSON-LD stub for an AMP Story (visual, full-screen, tap-through content format). Dual-inherits from CreativeWork and MediaObject. Note: Google has deprecated Web Stories / AMP Stories in Search as of 2024.
WebContent JSON-LD stub for generic web-addressable content when the finer WebPage / WebSite / WebPageElement distinctions do not apply. Pending CreativeWork subtype with no unique properties.
Poster JSON-LD stub for printed or digital announcement posters (concert posters, film posters, promotional posters). Pending CreativeWork subtype with no unique properties.
Manuscript JSON-LD stub for a handwritten book, document, or piece of music. Pending CreativeWork subtype with no unique properties; relies on inherited material, author, dateCreated.
Commerce
Products, offers, pricing, reviews, and ratings.
In-depth Product JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe via XooTee, a premium t-shirt sold by Xoo Code Inc. at the Dunmore store. Covers Offer, AggregateRating, Review, and @id reuse in one example.
Vehicle JSON-LD example for a used car listing. Covers the 39 properties unique to Vehicle including VIN, mileage, fuel type, engine specs, drive wheel configuration enums, and how Vehicle markup feeds Google's vehicle listing rich result.
Car JSON-LD example for a used sedan listing. Car inherits all 39 Vehicle properties and adds acrissCode (rental classification) and roofLoad. Covers when to use Car vs Vehicle and the Google vehicle listing rich result.
Motorcycle JSON-LD example for a used motorcycle listing. Motorcycle adds no properties of its own; all 39 Vehicle properties apply.
MotorizedBicycle JSON-LD example for an e-bike listing. MotorizedBicycle adds no properties of its own; all 39 Vehicle properties apply to motorized bicycles, e-bikes, and mopeds.
BusOrCoach JSON-LD example for a tour bus. BusOrCoach extends Vehicle with one property (acrissCode) for bus and coach rental classification.
ProductGroup JSON-LD example for XooTee Classic in multiple sizes and colors. Covers hasVariant, variesBy, and productGroupID (the 3 properties unique to ProductGroup), plus the variant linking pattern with Product entities.
ProductModel JSON-LD example for the XooStructured IDE product specification. Covers isVariantOf, predecessorOf, successorOf (the 3 properties unique to ProductModel), and how ProductModel differs from Product and ProductGroup.
IndividualProduct JSON-LD example for a specific XooTee with a serial number. IndividualProduct adds one property (serialNumber) to distinguish a single identifiable unit from a generic product listing.
ProductCollection JSON-LD example for a Xoo gift bundle. ProductCollection adds one property (includesObject) to describe a set of products sold together as a single offer.
SomeProducts JSON-LD example for bulk XooTee inventory. SomeProducts adds one property (inventoryLevel) for describing a quantity of similar products available in stock.
Offer JSON-LD example for a product listing with price, currency, availability, item condition, seller cross-reference, valid-through date, and merchant return policy. The building block that makes Product, Event, and Service eligible for rich results.
AggregateOffer JSON-LD example for XooTee Classic sold by multiple retailers. Covers highPrice, lowPrice, and offerCount (the 3 properties unique to AggregateOffer), plus when to use AggregateOffer vs multiple Offer objects.
AggregateRating JSON-LD example with rating value, review count, best and worst rating bounds, and item reviewed. The star-rating structure that Product, LocalBusiness, Recipe, and SoftwareApplication use for review snippets in search results.
Review JSON-LD example for a standalone product review with author, rating, review body, date published, and item reviewed. The individual review structure used inside Product, LocalBusiness, Recipe, Book, and Movie.
CriticReview JSON-LD stub for professional critic reviews. Direct Review subtype with no unique properties. Signals professional vs amateur reviewer.
UserReview JSON-LD stub for end-user reviews (consumers, purchasers, attendees). Direct Review subtype with no unique properties. Contrasts with CriticReview for professional reviews.
EmployerReview JSON-LD example for reviews of an Organization in its role as an employer (Glassdoor-style reviews). Pending Review subtype with no unique properties.
Rating JSON-LD example for the parent type behind AggregateRating and EndorsementRating. Adds 6 direct properties: ratingValue, bestRating, worstRating, ratingExplanation, reviewAspect, author.
EndorsementRating JSON-LD stub for formal endorsements and pledges. Direct Rating subtype with no unique properties.
Brand JSON-LD example with name, logo, URL, description, and slogan. The brand identity structure that Product uses for brand-filtered shopping results and Organization uses for sub-brand listings.
PropertyValue JSON-LD example for product specifications: material, weight, color, fit, print method, and care instructions. The key-value structure that Product and Place use for additional properties beyond the core fields.
Order JSON-LD example for a XooTee purchase confirmation. Covers the 20 properties unique to Order including orderStatus enum, acceptedOffer, orderedItem, orderDelivery, paymentMethod, discount, and customer.
Ticket JSON-LD example for an XooCon conference badge. Covers the 8 properties unique to Ticket including ticketNumber, ticketToken for QR/barcode, ticketedSeat, issuedBy, and totalPrice.
FoodService JSON-LD stub for a food service offering: breakfast, lunch, dinner, room service, banquet catering, meal delivery. Service subtype with no unique properties.
LiquorStore JSON-LD stub for shops selling wine, beer, whisky, and other spirits. Store subtype with no unique properties.
GroceryStore JSON-LD stub for supermarkets, bodegas, co-ops, and food-first retail shops. Store subtype with no unique properties.
Store subtypes (specialty retail)
The full Store subtype tree: 30 specialised retail categories from AutoPartsStore to WholesaleStore. Pick the most specific match for local-search ranking.
Store JSON-LD example using the BookStore subtype for a bookshop in Dunmore that stocks Jane Xoo's textbook. Covers how to choose among the 31 Store subtypes, the difference between Store and generic LocalBusiness, and practical retail markup with paymentAccepted and priceRange.
AutoPartsStore JSON-LD stub for automotive-parts retailers. Direct Store subtype (with AutomotiveBusiness cross-inheritance) and no unique properties.
BikeStore JSON-LD stub for bicycle retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
BookStore JSON-LD stub for bookshops, indie booksellers, and used-book stores. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ClothingStore JSON-LD stub for apparel retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties. Parent of ShoeStore and MensClothingStore.
MensClothingStore JSON-LD stub for menswear retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ShoeStore JSON-LD stub for footwear retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ComputerStore JSON-LD stub for computer retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ElectronicsStore JSON-LD stub for consumer electronics retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
MobilePhoneStore JSON-LD stub for mobile phone retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ConvenienceStore JSON-LD stub for small neighbourhood shops and gas-station markets. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
DepartmentStore JSON-LD stub for large multi-category retail stores. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
OutletStore JSON-LD stub for discount/outlet retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
WholesaleStore JSON-LD stub for wholesale and bulk retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
Florist JSON-LD stub for flower shops. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
GardenStore JSON-LD stub for nurseries, garden-supply shops, and plant retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
HardwareStore JSON-LD stub for hardware retailers selling tools and building materials. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
HobbyShop JSON-LD stub for hobby and craft retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
HomeGoodsStore JSON-LD stub for household goods and decor retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
FurnitureStore JSON-LD stub for furniture retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
JewelryStore JSON-LD stub for jewellery retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
MovieRentalStore JSON-LD stub for video rental shops. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties. Rare in the streaming era but still useful for boutique video stores, libraries with rental programmes, and DVD kiosk operators.
MusicStore JSON-LD stub for musical instrument and recorded-music retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
OfficeEquipmentStore JSON-LD stub for office supply and equipment retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
PawnShop JSON-LD stub for pawn shops and resale establishments. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
PetStore JSON-LD stub for pet retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
SportingGoodsStore JSON-LD stub for multi-sport retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
TireShop JSON-LD stub for tyre/tire dealers and installers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
ToyStore JSON-LD stub for toy retailers. Direct Store subtype with no unique properties.
Places and businesses
Local businesses, restaurants, hotels, stores, civic structures, parks, and physical locations.
Place JSON-LD example for Dunmore Main Street as a geographic location. Covers the most important of Place's 41 direct properties: address, geo, openingHoursSpecification, photo, containsPlace, publicAccess, and when to use Place vs LocalBusiness.
Accommodation JSON-LD example for a Copenhagen apartment listing. Covers all 17 Accommodation properties including floorSize, numberOfRooms, numberOfBedrooms, bed (with BedDetails), occupancy, petsAllowed, amenityFeature, yearBuilt, leaseLength.
House JSON-LD example for a real estate listing in Dunmore. Covers numberOfRooms (re-declared on House) plus all inherited Accommodation properties: floorSize, occupancy, petsAllowed, yearBuilt, amenityFeature.
SingleFamilyResidence JSON-LD example for a detached single-family home. SingleFamilyResidence re-declares numberOfRooms and occupancy; for the full property walkthrough, see the House example.
Apartment JSON-LD example for a Copenhagen rental unit. Covers numberOfRooms and occupancy (re-declared on Apartment) plus inherited Accommodation properties for floor size, bedrooms, bathrooms, amenities, pet policies, lease length.
Suite JSON-LD example for the Hotel Dunmore Presidential Suite. Covers bed (with BedDetails), numberOfRooms, and occupancy (re-declared on Suite), plus inherited Accommodation amenities and floor size.
HotelRoom JSON-LD example for a standard king room at Hotel Dunmore. Covers bed and occupancy (re-declared on HotelRoom), plus inherited Accommodation amenities and how HotelRoom fits inside a Hotel via containedInPlace.
Room JSON-LD example for a Thunderdome meeting room. Room adds no properties of its own; it is the structural parent for HotelRoom and a generic type for any distinguishable space within a structure.
CampingPitch JSON-LD example for a tent site at Dunmore Valley Campground. CampingPitch adds no properties of its own; it represents an individual outdoor accommodation spot within a larger Campground.
Use the Schema.org definition of LocalBusiness to improve the listing of your local store. This in-depth example shows you exactly how to manually mark up your location.
Restaurant JSON-LD example for a casual grill in downtown Dunmore. Covers servesCuisine, hasMenu with Menu/MenuSection/MenuItem hierarchy, acceptsReservations, priceRange, and the full LocalBusiness property set including address, geo, openingHours, and aggregateRating.
Hotel JSON-LD example for a boutique hotel in Dunmore hosting XooCon attendees. Covers starRating, amenityFeature with LocationFeatureSpecification, checkinTime/checkoutTime, numberOfRooms, petsAllowed, and the LodgingBusiness property set for hospitality search.
LodgingBusiness JSON-LD overview. LodgingBusiness is the parent type for Hotel, Motel, Hostel, and other accommodation businesses. For a complete example, see the Hotel page.
BedAndBreakfast JSON-LD stub for B&Bs and small inns. Direct LodgingBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Hostel JSON-LD stub for hostels with shared dormitory and private room accommodations. Direct LodgingBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Motel JSON-LD stub for motels and motor lodges. Direct LodgingBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
VacationRental JSON-LD stub for whole-property short-term rentals (Airbnb-style). Direct LodgingBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Resort JSON-LD stub for destination resorts and leisure properties. Direct LodgingBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Store JSON-LD example using the BookStore subtype for a bookshop in Dunmore that stocks Jane Xoo's textbook. Covers how to choose among the 31 Store subtypes, the difference between Store and generic LocalBusiness, and practical retail markup with paymentAccepted and priceRange.
FoodEstablishment JSON-LD example for the parent type behind Restaurant, CafeOrCoffeeShop, Bakery, BarOrPub, Brewery, Distillery, FastFoodRestaurant, IceCreamShop, and Winery. Adds 4 direct properties: acceptsReservations, hasMenu, servesCuisine, starRating.
CafeOrCoffeeShop JSON-LD example for a coffee shop next to Xoo Code Shop Dunmore. Covers the FoodEstablishment inheritance (servesCuisine, hasMenu, acceptsReservations), how CafeOrCoffeeShop differs from Restaurant and Bakery, and practical LocalBusiness markup for a small cafe.
MedicalBusiness JSON-LD overview. MedicalBusiness is the parent type for Dentist, Physician, Optician, and other healthcare businesses. For a complete example, see the Dentist page.
Dentist JSON-LD example for a dental practice in Dunmore. Covers medicalSpecialty, isAcceptingNewPatients, availableService with MedicalProcedure, insurance accepted via paymentAccepted, and the MedicalBusiness property set for healthcare local search.
FinancialService JSON-LD example for a credit union in Dunmore. Covers feesAndCommissionsSpecification (the only property unique to FinancialService), the four subtypes (BankOrCreditUnion, InsuranceAgency, AccountingService, AutomatedTeller), and how to mark up a financial institution with LocalBusiness properties.
EntertainmentBusiness JSON-LD example using the ArtGallery subtype for a gallery inside The Thunderdome. Covers the 7 subtypes (ArtGallery, Casino, NightClub, MovieTheater, AmusementPark, ComedyClub, AdultEntertainment) and how to mark up entertainment venues with LocalBusiness properties.
SportsActivityLocation JSON-LD example using the ExerciseGym subtype for a fitness center in Dunmore. Covers the 9 subtypes (ExerciseGym, GolfCourse, SkiResort, StadiumOrArena, etc.), amenityFeature for gym equipment, and how SportsActivityLocation differs from SportsOrganization.
TouristAttraction JSON-LD example for The Thunderdome, the Dunmore conference center that hosts XooCon. Covers touristType, availableLanguage, isAccessibleForFree, publicAccess, and how TouristAttraction differs from Place and LocalBusiness for landmarks and points of interest.
PlaceOfWorship JSON-LD example using the Church subtype for a parish in Dunmore. Covers the CivicStructure hierarchy (not LocalBusiness), the 5 subtypes (Church, Mosque, Synagogue, BuddhistTemple, HinduTemple), and Place-level properties without LocalBusiness fields like priceRange.
Park JSON-LD example for a community park in Dunmore. Covers the CivicStructure hierarchy, isAccessibleForFree, publicAccess, amenityFeature for park facilities, and how Park differs from TouristAttraction and NaturalFeature for green spaces.
Airport JSON-LD example for a fictional regional airport serving Dunmore. Covers iataCode and icaoCode (the only properties unique to Airport), the CivicStructure hierarchy, and how Airport differs from LocalBusiness for transportation hubs.
CivicStructure JSON-LD example for the Place subtype behind public buildings: town halls, concert halls, airports, museums, bridges, beaches, parks, stations, schools. Adds one direct property: openingHours.
StadiumOrArena JSON-LD stub. Dual-inherits from CivicStructure and SportsActivityLocation. No unique properties; the dual lineage gives it both civic-structure and sports-facility inherited properties.
MusicVenue JSON-LD stub. Direct CivicStructure subtype for concert halls, clubs, and other live-music venues. No unique properties.
MovieTheater JSON-LD stub. CivicStructure subtype for cinemas. Adds screenCount.
Museum JSON-LD stub. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Library JSON-LD stub for public and private libraries. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
ChildCare JSON-LD stub for daycare, nursery, and childcare facilities. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
RealEstateAgent JSON-LD stub for real estate agencies and individual agents. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
GeoCoordinates JSON-LD example with latitude, longitude, and elevation for a retail shop location. The geographic pinpoint structure used inside LocalBusiness, Event, Place, and any type with a geo property.
OpeningHoursSpecification JSON-LD example with weekday and weekend hours, a seasonal holiday extension, and a closure date. The business hours structure that LocalBusiness and Place use for the "Open now" badge in search results.
FoodEstablishment subtypes
Every food-serving business type under the FoodEstablishment parent: bakeries, bars, breweries, distilleries, fast food, ice cream, wineries. FoodEstablishment adds acceptsReservations, hasMenu, servesCuisine, starRating.
FoodEstablishment JSON-LD example for the parent type behind Restaurant, CafeOrCoffeeShop, Bakery, BarOrPub, Brewery, Distillery, FastFoodRestaurant, IceCreamShop, and Winery. Adds 4 direct properties: acceptsReservations, hasMenu, servesCuisine, starRating.
Restaurant JSON-LD example for a casual grill in downtown Dunmore. Covers servesCuisine, hasMenu with Menu/MenuSection/MenuItem hierarchy, acceptsReservations, priceRange, and the full LocalBusiness property set including address, geo, openingHours, and aggregateRating.
CafeOrCoffeeShop JSON-LD example for a coffee shop next to Xoo Code Shop Dunmore. Covers the FoodEstablishment inheritance (servesCuisine, hasMenu, acceptsReservations), how CafeOrCoffeeShop differs from Restaurant and Bakery, and practical LocalBusiness markup for a small cafe.
Bakery JSON-LD stub for retail bakeries. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
BarOrPub JSON-LD stub for bars, pubs, and cocktail lounges. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
Brewery JSON-LD stub for brewing facilities with tasting rooms or taprooms. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
Distillery JSON-LD stub for distilling facilities with tasting rooms. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
FastFoodRestaurant JSON-LD stub for quick-service restaurants. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
IceCreamShop JSON-LD stub for ice cream parlours and gelato shops. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
Winery JSON-LD stub for wineries with tasting rooms. Direct FoodEstablishment subtype with no unique properties.
Automotive businesses
Full AutomotiveBusiness tree: dealers, repair, body shops, rental, wash, gas stations, motorcycle shops.
AutomotiveBusiness JSON-LD example for the parent type behind AutoDealer, AutoRepair, AutoBodyShop, AutoRental, AutoWash, AutoPartsStore, GasStation, MotorcycleDealer, MotorcycleRepair. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoDealer JSON-LD stub for new- and used-car dealerships. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoRepair JSON-LD stub for car service and repair shops. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoBodyShop JSON-LD stub for collision repair shops. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoRental JSON-LD stub for car rental locations. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoWash JSON-LD stub for car wash businesses. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
GasStation JSON-LD stub for fuel stations. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AutoPartsStore JSON-LD stub for automotive-parts retailers. Direct Store subtype (with AutomotiveBusiness cross-inheritance) and no unique properties.
MotorcycleDealer JSON-LD stub for motorcycle sales. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
MotorcycleRepair JSON-LD stub for motorcycle service shops. Direct AutomotiveBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Health and beauty
HealthAndBeautyBusiness tree: hair, nails, spas, fitness, tattoo, multi-service salons.
HealthAndBeautyBusiness JSON-LD example for the parent type behind BeautySalon, DaySpa, HairSalon, HealthClub, NailSalon, and TattooParlor. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
HairSalon JSON-LD stub for hair salons and barbershops. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
NailSalon JSON-LD stub for nail salons. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
DaySpa JSON-LD stub for day spas. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
HealthClub JSON-LD stub for gyms, fitness clubs, and wellness centres. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
BeautySalon JSON-LD stub for beauty salons offering multiple services. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
TattooParlor JSON-LD stub for tattoo and body-modification studios. Direct HealthAndBeautyBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Home and construction trades
HomeAndConstructionBusiness tree: plumbers, electricians, contractors, locksmiths, HVAC, painters, movers, roofers.
HomeAndConstructionBusiness JSON-LD example for the parent type behind Electrician, GeneralContractor, Plumber, HVACBusiness, HousePainter, Locksmith, MovingCompany, RoofingContractor. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Plumber JSON-LD stub for plumbing contractors. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Electrician JSON-LD stub for electrical contractors. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
GeneralContractor JSON-LD stub for general building contractors. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Locksmith JSON-LD stub for locksmith services. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
HVACBusiness JSON-LD stub for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning contractors. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
HousePainter JSON-LD stub for residential and commercial painters. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
MovingCompany JSON-LD stub for moving and relocation services. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
RoofingContractor JSON-LD stub for roofing contractors. Direct HomeAndConstructionBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Other local businesses
Remaining direct LocalBusiness subtypes not covered by other categories: shelters, archives, laundries, emergency services, staffing, internet cafes, stations, recycling, storage, malls, tourist info, travel, government offices.
AnimalShelter JSON-LD stub for animal shelters and rescues. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
ArchiveOrganization JSON-LD stub for archives: museums, state archives, historical societies holding ArchiveComponent items. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
DryCleaningOrLaundry JSON-LD stub for dry cleaners and laundromats. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
EmergencyService JSON-LD example for emergency-response organisations: fire departments, police departments, EMS/ambulance services, coast guard, mountain rescue. Direct LocalBusiness subtype and parent of FireStation and PoliceStation.
EmploymentAgency JSON-LD stub for staffing, recruiting, and temp agencies. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
InternetCafe JSON-LD stub for internet cafes and co-working internet access. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
RadioStation JSON-LD stub for radio station businesses (the operating organisation, not the broadcast service). Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
TelevisionStation JSON-LD stub for TV station businesses. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
RecyclingCenter JSON-LD stub for recycling facilities. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
SelfStorage JSON-LD stub for self-storage facilities. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
ShoppingCenter JSON-LD stub for malls, shopping centres, and retail plazas. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
TouristInformationCenter JSON-LD stub for visitor centres and tourism offices. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
TravelAgency JSON-LD stub for travel agencies and tour operators. Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
GovernmentOffice JSON-LD stub for government department offices (not the building). Direct LocalBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
FinancialService subtypes
FinancialService subtypes: insurance agencies, accounting firms, and tax preparation.
FinancialService JSON-LD example for a credit union in Dunmore. Covers feesAndCommissionsSpecification (the only property unique to FinancialService), the four subtypes (BankOrCreditUnion, InsuranceAgency, AccountingService, AutomatedTeller), and how to mark up a financial institution with LocalBusiness properties.
InsuranceAgency JSON-LD stub for insurance agencies and brokerages. Direct FinancialService subtype with no unique properties (inherits feesAndCommissionsSpecification).
AccountingService JSON-LD stub for accounting, bookkeeping, and tax services. Direct FinancialService subtype with no unique properties (inherits feesAndCommissionsSpecification).
Legal services
LegalService parent plus Attorney and Notary subtypes.
LegalService JSON-LD example for law firms and legal counsels. Direct LocalBusiness subtype (with Attorney and Notary as specific subtypes).
Attorney JSON-LD stub for individual attorneys and law offices. Direct LegalService subtype with no unique properties.
Notary JSON-LD stub for notary public services. Direct LegalService subtype with no unique properties.
Entertainment venues
EntertainmentBusiness tree (AmusementPark, ArtGallery, Casino, ComedyClub, NightClub, AdultEntertainment, MovieTheater) plus sport-recreation venues BowlingAlley and GolfCourse.
EntertainmentBusiness JSON-LD example using the ArtGallery subtype for a gallery inside The Thunderdome. Covers the 7 subtypes (ArtGallery, Casino, NightClub, MovieTheater, AmusementPark, ComedyClub, AdultEntertainment) and how to mark up entertainment venues with LocalBusiness properties.
AmusementPark JSON-LD stub for theme parks, amusement parks, and ride-based entertainment parks. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
ArtGallery JSON-LD stub for commercial and non-commercial art galleries. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
Casino JSON-LD stub for gambling venues. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
ComedyClub JSON-LD stub for standup comedy venues. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
NightClub JSON-LD stub for dance clubs and late-night venues. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties.
AdultEntertainment JSON-LD stub for adult-only entertainment venues. Direct EntertainmentBusiness subtype with no unique properties. Populate audience with suggestedMinAge.
MovieTheater JSON-LD stub. CivicStructure subtype for cinemas. Adds screenCount.
BowlingAlley JSON-LD stub for bowling centres. Direct SportsActivityLocation subtype with no unique properties.
GolfCourse JSON-LD stub for public and private golf courses. Direct SportsActivityLocation subtype with no unique properties.
People and organizations
People, companies, schools, teams, and other organizations.
Markup for Person according to Schema.org is a flexible way of marking up any type of person related to your website or business. With this example you will learn how to easily and manually mark up important people related to your webpage.
Use Organization to mark up your company details on your company website. This example shows you all the details of how to do it manually.
In-depth EducationalOrganization JSON-LD example wired into the Xoo universe as the Royal Institute of Medicine, Jane Xoo's alma mater, founded 1863 in Copenhagen. First XooCode example to explicitly teach schema.org subtype selection: why CollegeOrUniversity is a better choice than base Organization, and how to pick the right subtype for schools, hospitals, NGOs, and government bodies.
Corporation JSON-LD example for the fictional Redpoint 9 Corp, parent company of Xoo Code Inc. Covers tickerSymbol (the only property unique to Corporation), the MIC exchange format, and how Corporation differs from Organization for publicly traded companies.
GovernmentOrganization JSON-LD example for the Borough of Dunmore municipal government. Covers areaServed for jurisdictional scope, department for sub-agencies, and how GovernmentOrganization pairs with GovernmentService for public services.
NewsMediaOrganization JSON-LD example for the Dunmore Herald newspaper. Covers the 10 editorial trust properties (ethicsPolicy, masthead, correctionsPolicy, verificationFactCheckingPolicy, etc.) that Google News uses as publisher credibility signals.
SportsTeam JSON-LD example for a fictional Dunmore basketball team. Covers athlete, coach, gender (the 3 properties unique to SportsTeam), sport from SportsOrganization, and how SportsTeam differs from SportsActivityLocation.
Airline JSON-LD example for a fictional Nordic airline serving Dunmore. Covers iataCode (shared with Airport), boardingPolicy with BoardingPolicyType enum, and how Airline markup feeds Google Flights and travel knowledge panels.
MusicGroup JSON-LD example for the Copenhagen Ensemble, the orchestra from The Children's Doctor documentary score. Covers album, genre, track (the 3 properties unique to MusicGroup), the PerformingGroup hierarchy, and how MusicGroup connects to MusicAlbum and MusicRecording.
NGO JSON-LD example for the Children First Foundation, a non-profit established in Jane Xoo's name. Covers nonprofitStatus with country-specific NonprofitType enums, funder, areaServed, and how NGO differs from Organization and FundingScheme for non-profit entities.
FundingScheme JSON-LD example for the Xoo Pediatric Research Grant. Covers how FundingScheme describes grant programs and funding initiatives, the relationship to the administering NGO via funder, and how it differs from NGO and FundingAgency.
EmployeeRole JSON-LD example for the employee relationship inside an Organization. OrganizationRole subtype adding baseSalary and salaryCurrency. Used with Organization.employee to carry role-scoped data.
ContactPoint JSON-LD example with customer service and technical support entries, phone numbers, email, available languages, and hours. The contact structure that Organization and LocalBusiness use for reachability.
PostalAddress JSON-LD example for a retail shop with street address, locality, region, postal code, and country. The addressing structure that Organization, LocalBusiness, Event, and Person all use for physical locations.
Events
Conferences, concerts, festivals, business events, and more.
Conference event JSON-LD example for XooCon 2026. Shows how to mark up a multi-day conference with sub-events, speakers, and ticket tiers using schema.org Event properties.
MusicEvent JSON-LD example for a live concert by The Copenhagen Ensemble at The Thunderdome. Covers performer as MusicGroup, workPerformed for linking to compositions, doorTime vs startDate, ticket offers, and how MusicEvent differs from generic Event for concerts and live performances.
SportsEvent JSON-LD example for a Dunmore Dynamos basketball game. Covers homeTeam and awayTeam as SportsTeam references, the generic competitor property for individual sports, sport, and how SportsEvent connects to SportsTeam entities in the knowledge graph.
SaleEvent JSON-LD example for a seasonal XooTee clearance at the Dunmore store. Covers how to structure sale offers with itemOffered, the difference between SaleEvent offers and Product offers, in-store vs online sales via eventAttendanceMode, and when to use SaleEvent instead of BusinessEvent.
EducationEvent JSON-LD example for a hands-on schema markup workshop at the Xoo Code Shop. Covers teaches, assesses, and educationalLevel (the 3 properties unique to EducationEvent), plus how EducationEvent differs from Course and why the instructor goes in performer.
ExhibitionEvent JSON-LD example for a photography exhibition at Xoo Gallery. Covers workFeatured for linking exhibited works, the difference between ExhibitionEvent and a gallery's event property, organizer as an ArtGallery, and how exhibition runs differ from one-night events.
ScreeningEvent JSON-LD example for the US premiere of The Children's Doctor documentary at The Thunderdome. Covers workPresented for linking to Movie, videoFormat (HD, IMAX, 3D), subtitleLanguage with BCP 47 codes, and how ScreeningEvent differs from Movie's releasedEvent.
BusinessEvent JSON-LD example for a product demo day. BusinessEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
ChildrensEvent JSON-LD example for a kids' coding camp. ChildrensEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
ComedyEvent JSON-LD example for a stand-up comedy night. ComedyEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
DanceEvent JSON-LD example for a community dance performance. DanceEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
EventSeries JSON-LD example for the annual XooCon conference series. EventSeries adds no properties of its own but inherits from both Event and Series.
Festival JSON-LD example for a summer arts festival in Dunmore. Festival adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
FoodEvent JSON-LD example for a tasting menu night at The Dunmore Grill. FoodEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
Hackathon JSON-LD example for a schema markup hackathon at The Thunderdome. Hackathon adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
LiteraryEvent JSON-LD example for a book reading at Dunmore Books. LiteraryEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
PerformingArtsEvent JSON-LD example for a multi-act performing arts showcase. Use more specific subtypes (MusicEvent, DanceEvent, TheaterEvent, ComedyEvent) when the genre is known.
SocialEvent JSON-LD example for a conference after-party. SocialEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
TheaterEvent JSON-LD example for a community theater performance. TheaterEvent adds no properties of its own; see the full Event example for a complete property walkthrough.
VisualArtsEvent JSON-LD example for an art gallery opening night. VisualArtsEvent adds no properties of its own; for multi-day exhibitions use ExhibitionEvent instead.
CourseInstance JSON-LD example for the Fall 2026 offering of PED-412, a pediatric medicine course. Covers courseMode, courseSchedule with Schedule, courseWorkload, instructor (the 4 properties unique to CourseInstance), and how CourseInstance relates to Course.
DeliveryEvent JSON-LD example for a XooTee order pickup from the Dunmore store. Covers accessCode, availableFrom, availableThrough, and hasDeliveryMethod with DeliveryMethod enum (the 4 properties unique to DeliveryEvent).
PublicationEvent JSON-LD example for the release of The Children's Doctor documentary. Covers publishedBy and publishedOn (the 2 properties unique to PublicationEvent), the relationship to Movie.releasedEvent, and the BroadcastEvent and OnDemandEvent subtypes.
Reservations and bookings
Hotel stays, flights, restaurant tables, rental cars, event tickets, and travel packages.
Reservation JSON-LD example for a confirmed booking. Covers the 12 properties defined on Reservation including reservationStatus enum, reservationFor, underName, totalPrice, and how Reservation connects to Ticket and the thing being reserved.
FoodEstablishmentReservation JSON-LD example for a dinner booking at The Dunmore Grill. Covers startTime, endTime, and partySize (the 3 properties unique to FoodEstablishmentReservation), plus how Gmail displays restaurant reservation cards.
LodgingReservation JSON-LD example for a hotel booking at Hotel Dunmore. Covers checkinTime, checkoutTime, lodgingUnitType, numAdults, numChildren, and lodgingUnitDescription (the 6 properties unique to LodgingReservation).
FlightReservation JSON-LD example for a Nordic Air flight to Dunmore. Covers boardingGroup, passengerPriorityStatus, passengerSequenceNumber, and securityScreening (the 4 properties unique to FlightReservation).
RentalCarReservation JSON-LD example for a car rental at Lackawanna Valley Airport. Covers pickupLocation, pickupTime, dropoffLocation, and dropoffTime (the 4 properties unique to RentalCarReservation).
TaxiReservation JSON-LD example for a taxi from the airport to Hotel Dunmore. Covers pickupLocation, pickupTime, and partySize (the 3 properties unique to TaxiReservation).
EventReservation JSON-LD example for an XooCon ticket booking. EventReservation adds no properties of its own; see the Reservation example for a complete property walkthrough.
BusReservation JSON-LD example for a bus ticket. BusReservation adds no properties of its own; see the Reservation example for a complete property walkthrough.
TrainReservation JSON-LD example for a train ticket. TrainReservation adds no properties of its own; see the Reservation example for a complete property walkthrough.
BoatReservation JSON-LD example for a ferry booking. BoatReservation adds no properties of its own; see the Reservation example for a complete property walkthrough.
ReservationPackage JSON-LD example for a bundled travel package. ReservationPackage adds one property (subReservation) to group multiple bookings under one confirmation.
Trip JSON-LD example for the parent type behind Flight, TrainTrip, BusTrip, and BoatTrip. Covers the shared Trip properties (departureTime, arrivalTime, provider, offers, itinerary, subTrip, partOfTrip) that every reservation-backed travel segment inherits.
Flight JSON-LD example for a Nordic Air route from Copenhagen to Dunmore. Covers the 14 properties unique to Flight including flightNumber, departure/arrival airports with gates and terminals, boardingPolicy enum, estimatedFlightDuration, and webCheckinTime.
TrainTrip JSON-LD example for a northeast corridor rail journey. Covers the 6 properties unique to TrainTrip: departureStation, arrivalStation, departurePlatform, arrivalPlatform, trainName, trainNumber.
BusTrip JSON-LD example for a local bus route from Scranton to Dunmore. Covers the 4 properties unique to BusTrip: departureBusStop, arrivalBusStop, busName, busNumber.
BoatTrip JSON-LD example for a Copenhagen-Oslo ferry. BoatTrip adds 2 properties (departureBoatTerminal, arrivalBoatTerminal) for ferry and cruise routes.
Jobs and services
Job postings, professional services, and work-related schemas.
An in-depth JSON-LD example for JobPosting markup, wired into the Xoo universe as Xoo Code Inc. hiring a Senior Structured Data Engineer for the XooStructured team at Dunmore. Learn the Google for Jobs rich result requirements: the tricky baseSalary composition, employmentType enum, remote-work properties, and the requirements soup that trips up most authors.
Service JSON-LD example for the Xoo Code Schema Markup Audit, a professional service Xoo Code Inc. offers on top of the XooStructured IDE. Covers the OfferCatalog composition pattern with tiered pricing, ServiceChannel for access points, structured areaServed, and the subtype-selection lesson applied to service types.
Occupation JSON-LD example for a structured data engineer role. Covers the 8 properties unique to Occupation including estimatedSalary with MonetaryAmountDistribution, occupationalCategory with O*NET codes, skills, qualifications, and occupationLocation.
GovernmentService JSON-LD example for a Dunmore municipal trash pickup service. Covers jurisdiction and serviceOperator (the 2 properties unique to GovernmentService) plus inherited Service properties.
Communication
Email and message markup for Gmail, email clients, and notification systems.
Message JSON-LD example for an internal team message. Covers the 9 properties unique to Message: sender, recipient, toRecipient, ccRecipient, bccRecipient, dateSent, dateReceived, dateRead, messageAttachment.
EmailMessage JSON-LD example for an order confirmation email. EmailMessage adds no properties of its own; it is a Message subtype that signals email-specific context to Gmail and email clients.
Government and legal
Legislation, government services, and legal documents.
Legislation JSON-LD example for a Pennsylvania structured data tax credit act. Covers the most important of Legislation's 20 properties: legislationDate, legislationIdentifier, legislationLegalForce (with LegalForceStatus enum), jurisdiction, legislationPassedBy. Note: Legislation is in the pending schema.org area.
GovernmentService JSON-LD example for a Dunmore municipal trash pickup service. Covers jurisdiction and serviceOperator (the 2 properties unique to GovernmentService) plus inherited Service properties.
Academic and reports
Theses, scholarly articles, formal reports.
ScholarlyArticle JSON-LD example for Jane Xoo's 1945 paper. ScholarlyArticle adds no properties of its own; used for peer-reviewed academic papers, journal articles, and research publications.
Thesis JSON-LD example for a doctoral dissertation. Thesis adds one property (inSupportOf) on top of CreativeWork. Used for theses, dissertations, and academic qualification documents. Lives in the bib schema.org extension.
Report JSON-LD example for a Xoo Code transparency report. Report adds one property (reportNumber) on top of Article. Used for official reports, annual reports, transparency reports, government reports, and research reports.
Serials and series
Periodicals (journals, magazines, newspapers), book series, and their volume/issue/quote sub-parts.
Periodical JSON-LD example for a regularly published serial (a journal, magazine, or trade publication) with ISSN. Periodical is a CreativeWorkSeries subtype adding issn, startDate, and endDate properties.
PublicationVolume JSON-LD example for a single volume (annual run) of a Periodical. Adds volumeNumber, pageStart, pageEnd, and pagination properties.
PublicationIssue JSON-LD example for a single issue of a Periodical. Adds issueNumber, pageStart, pageEnd, and pagination properties.
Newspaper JSON-LD stub for daily and weekly newspaper titles. Direct Periodical subtype with no unique properties. Inherits issn, startDate, endDate from Periodical.
ComicSeries JSON-LD stub for recurring comic book series. Periodical subtype with no unique properties. Inherits the full Periodical vocabulary; individual issues are ComicIssue.
ComicIssue JSON-LD stub for a single issue of a comic series. PublicationIssue subtype adding artist, colorist, inker, letterer, and penciler properties (inherited from ComicStory via shared comic vocabulary).
ComicStory JSON-LD example for a single interior story or cover within a comic. CreativeWork subtype adding the comics creative-team properties: artist, colorist, inker, letterer, penciler.
ComicCoverArt JSON-LD stub for the cover image of a comic issue. Dual-inherits from ComicStory and CoverArt (which sits under VisualArtwork), carrying the full comics creative-team vocabulary plus art-world dimensions.
BookSeries JSON-LD stub for a series of books. CreativeWorkSeries subtype with no unique properties. Books in the series link via hasPart.
Chapter JSON-LD example for a single chapter in a book. CreativeWork subtype adding pageStart, pageEnd, and pagination properties. Chapter links to its Book via isPartOf.
Quotation JSON-LD example for a cited quote attributed to a person, character, or organization. Quotation is a pending CreativeWork subtype adding spokenByCharacter.
Visual arts and 3D
Fine art, comic, and 3D-asset schemas: paintings, drawings, sculptures, the VisualArtwork parent, atlases of maps, and 3DModel for AR/VR and product viewers.
VisualArtwork JSON-LD example for the parent type behind CoverArt and SequentialArt, covering the 13 art-specific properties: artist, artEdition, artform, artMedium, artworkSurface, colorist, penciler, inker, letterer, height, width, depth, weight.
Painting JSON-LD stub. Direct CreativeWork subtype (not under VisualArtwork). No unique properties of its own. For canvas dimensions and medium, use a dual @type of Painting + VisualArtwork.
Drawing JSON-LD stub. Direct CreativeWork subtype for pencil/pen/crayon work. No unique properties. For dimensions and medium, dual-type with VisualArtwork.
Sculpture JSON-LD stub. Direct CreativeWork subtype. No unique properties. For dimensions and material, dual-type with VisualArtwork.
Atlas JSON-LD stub for a bound collection of maps. CreativeWork subtype with no unique properties. Included Maps attach via hasPart.
3DModel JSON-LD example for a 3D asset (GLB, GLTF, USDZ) used in AR, VR, gaming, or product viewers. MediaObject subtype adding the isResizable property.
Fact-checking
Claim and ClaimReview for surfacing fact-checked statements in Google's fact-check rich result.
Claim JSON-LD example for a factual claim being fact-checked. Claim is a CreativeWork subtype adding appearance, firstAppearance, and claimInterpreter. It is the canonical itemReviewed target inside a ClaimReview.
ClaimReview JSON-LD example for a fact-check of the claim that Jane Xoo's pediatric framework reduced infant mortality by 60%. Covers claimReviewed, reviewRating with the textual verdict scale, itemReviewed as a Claim with firstAppearance, and how Google uses ClaimReview for the fact-check rich result and label in search results.
Music and games
MusicPlaylist for curated track lists, MusicRelease for specific physical/digital releases (with MusicReleaseFormatType), Game and VideoGame for board games and electronic titles.
MusicPlaylist JSON-LD example for a curated list of MusicRecording tracks. CreativeWork subtype adding numTracks and track. Parent of MusicAlbum and MusicRelease.
MusicRelease JSON-LD example for a specific release of an album or EP (a vinyl pressing, a digital release, a CD). MusicPlaylist subtype adding catalogNumber, creditedTo, duration, musicReleaseFormat (MusicReleaseFormatType enum), recordLabel, releaseOf.
Game JSON-LD example for the parent type behind VideoGame. CreativeWork subtype adding 5 game properties: characterAttribute, gameItem, gameLocation, numberOfPlayers, quest. Covers board games, RPGs, TTRPGs, and electronic games generically.
VideoGame JSON-LD example for an electronic game. Inherits from both Game and SoftwareApplication, adding 10 properties: actor, cheatCode, director, gameEdition, gamePlatform, gameServer, gameTip, musicBy, playMode, trailer. Covers GamePlayMode enum (CoOp, MultiPlayer, SinglePlayer).
TV, film and radio series
CreativeWorkSeries is the parent of TV shows, film franchises, radio shows, and podcast shows. Seasons and episodes nest below via CreativeWorkSeason and Episode.
CreativeWorkSeries JSON-LD example for the parent type behind BookSeries, Periodical, PodcastSeries, RadioSeries, TVSeries, MovieSeries, and VideoGameSeries. Adds startDate, endDate, and issn.
CreativeWorkSeason JSON-LD example for a single season of a TV, podcast, or radio series. Adds actor, director, episode, seasonNumber, numberOfEpisodes, partOfSeries, productionCompany, trailer, startDate, endDate. Parent of TVSeason.
Episode JSON-LD example for the parent of PodcastEpisode, RadioEpisode, and TVEpisode. Adds episodeNumber, partOfSeason, partOfSeries, actor, director, musicBy, productionCompany, trailer, and duration.
TVSeries JSON-LD example for a television show. CreativeWorkSeries subtype adding actor, director, containsSeason, episode, numberOfEpisodes, numberOfSeasons, productionCompany, musicBy, countryOfOrigin, trailer, titleEIDR.
TVSeason JSON-LD example for a single season of a television show. CreativeWorkSeason subtype adding countryOfOrigin and titleEIDR. Covers seasonNumber, numberOfEpisodes, startDate/endDate, trailer, partOfSeries.
TVEpisode JSON-LD example for a single episode of a TV show. Episode subtype adding countryOfOrigin, titleEIDR, subtitleLanguage, and partOfSeason.
MovieSeries JSON-LD example for a film franchise. CreativeWorkSeries subtype adding actor, director, musicBy, productionCompany, trailer.
RadioSeries JSON-LD stub for a radio show series. CreativeWorkSeries subtype (same property set as TVSeries but without EIDR).
RadioEpisode JSON-LD stub for a single episode of a radio show. Direct Episode subtype with no unique properties.
Broadcasting
TV networks, radio stations, and the channel slots that carry them in cable, satellite, and streaming lineups.
BroadcastService JSON-LD example for a TV network, radio station, or streaming service. Service subtype adding callSign, broadcastAffiliateOf, broadcaster, broadcastFrequency, broadcastTimezone, broadcastDisplayName, hasBroadcastChannel, parentService, videoFormat, inLanguage.
BroadcastChannel JSON-LD example for a single channel slot in a cable, satellite, or over-the-air lineup. Intangible adding broadcastChannelId, broadcastFrequency, broadcastServiceTier, genre, inBroadcastLineup, providesBroadcastService. Parent of RadioChannel and TelevisionChannel.
RadioChannel JSON-LD stub for a radio channel slot. Direct BroadcastChannel subtype with no unique properties.
TelevisionChannel JSON-LD stub for a TV channel slot. Direct BroadcastChannel subtype with no unique properties.
Funding and grants
Grants, scholarships, and sponsorships, including the MonetaryGrant subtype for cash awards.
Medical studies and guidelines
Clinical practice guidelines (with MedicalEvidenceLevel) and medical studies (with MedicalStudyStatus).
MedicalGuideline JSON-LD example for a clinical practice guideline. MedicalEntity subtype adding evidenceLevel (MedicalEvidenceLevel A/B/C), evidenceOrigin, guidelineDate, guidelineSubject. Parent of MedicalGuidelineRecommendation and MedicalGuidelineContraindication.
MedicalStudy JSON-LD example for a clinical study. MedicalEntity subtype adding healthCondition, sponsor, status (MedicalStudyStatus enum), studyLocation, studySubject. Parent of MedicalObservationalStudy and MedicalTrial.
Housing
Residences, floor plans, and apartment complexes for real-estate listings and housing search.
Residence JSON-LD stub for a residential building as a Place. Adds accommodationFloorPlan and floorLevel. Parent of ApartmentComplex and GatedResidenceCommunity.
FloorPlan JSON-LD example for the layout of a housing unit or building. Pending Intangible adding 12 properties: amenityFeature, floorSize, isPlanForApartment, layoutImage, numberOfAccommodationUnits, numberOfAvailableAccommodationUnits, numberOfBathroomsTotal, numberOfBedrooms, numberOfFullBathrooms, numberOfPartialBathrooms, numberOfRooms, petsAllowed.
ApartmentComplex JSON-LD stub for a multi-unit residential building or community. Residence subtype adding numberOfAccommodationUnits, numberOfAvailableAccommodationUnits, numberOfBedrooms, petsAllowed, tourBookingPage.
Archives and collections
Bibliographic and archival groupings for libraries, museums, and the GLAM sector.
Collection JSON-LD example for a bibliographic or archival collection of items. CreativeWork subtype adding collectionSize. Parent of ProductCollection.
ArchiveComponent JSON-LD example for a single archival item. Pending CreativeWork subtype adding holdingArchive and itemLocation.
Taxonomies and controlled vocabularies
DefinedTermSet for glossaries, CategoryCodeSet for formal coded classifications (ICD-10, NAICS, ISIC).
DefinedTermSet JSON-LD example for a controlled vocabulary: a glossary, a taxonomy, a classification scheme. CreativeWork subtype adding hasDefinedTerm. Parent of CategoryCodeSet.
CategoryCode JSON-LD example for a single code in a classification scheme. DefinedTerm subtype adding codeValue and inCodeSet. Used for ICD-10, NAICS, ISIC, and other coded taxonomies.
CategoryCodeSet JSON-LD example for a coded classification scheme. DefinedTermSet subtype adding hasCategoryCode. Used for ICD-10, NAICS, ISIC, CPT, and other formal code sets.
Geography and landforms
Natural features (Landform, BodyOfWater, Mountain, Volcano, Continent) plus full BodyOfWater subtype tree (lakes, oceans, seas, waterfalls, canals, ponds, reservoirs) and political jurisdictions (AdministrativeArea, Country, State, City, SchoolDistrict, DefinedRegion for postal-code shipping zones).
Landform JSON-LD example for the Place subtype behind natural geographic features: mountains, volcanoes, bodies of water, continents. No unique properties.
BodyOfWater JSON-LD example for lakes, rivers, seas, oceans, canals, ponds, reservoirs, and waterfalls. Landform subtype with no unique properties but with 8 specialized subtypes.
Mountain JSON-LD stub. Direct Landform subtype with no unique properties. Use inherited Place properties (geo, name, description, image).
Volcano JSON-LD stub for volcanic mountains and vents. Direct Landform subtype (not Mountain) with no unique properties.
Continent JSON-LD stub for continents. Direct Landform subtype with no unique properties.
LakeBodyOfWater JSON-LD stub for lakes. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
OceanBodyOfWater JSON-LD stub for the five major oceans. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
SeaBodyOfWater JSON-LD stub for seas and semi-enclosed marine waters. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
Waterfall JSON-LD stub for waterfalls. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
Canal JSON-LD stub for artificial waterways. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
Pond JSON-LD stub for ponds. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
Reservoir JSON-LD stub for artificial lakes created by dams. Direct BodyOfWater subtype with no unique properties.
Beach JSON-LD stub. Direct CivicStructure subtype (despite being a natural feature). No unique properties; inherits openingHours from CivicStructure.
Bridge JSON-LD stub. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
AdministrativeArea JSON-LD example for political jurisdictions: countries, states, cities, school districts. Place subtype with no unique properties but 4 specialized subtypes: Country, State, City, SchoolDistrict.
Country JSON-LD example for ISO 3166-1 sovereign states. Direct AdministrativeArea subtype used in address chains, eligibleRegion / ineligibleRegion rules, and Place containment.
State JSON-LD example for first-order national subdivisions (US states, Australian states, Indian states, German Länder). Direct AdministrativeArea subtype, commonly nested via containedInPlace into Country.
City JSON-LD example for incorporated cities and towns. Direct AdministrativeArea subtype used to anchor LocalBusinesses, events, and knowledge-graph entries into a municipal jurisdiction.
SchoolDistrict JSON-LD example for US-style school administrative areas. Direct AdministrativeArea subtype used to group schools and anchor district-level data on government and education sites.
DefinedRegion JSON-LD example for a region defined by postal codes and administrative areas. Pending type useful for shipping zones, service areas, and merchant return policies. Adds addressCountry, addressRegion, postalCode, postalCodePrefix, postalCodeRange.
Tourism
TouristAttraction, LandmarksOrHistoricalBuildings, TouristDestination (multi-attraction regions), and TouristTrip (bookable tours).
TouristAttraction JSON-LD example for The Thunderdome, the Dunmore conference center that hosts XooCon. Covers touristType, availableLanguage, isAccessibleForFree, publicAccess, and how TouristAttraction differs from Place and LocalBusiness for landmarks and points of interest.
LandmarksOrHistoricalBuildings JSON-LD stub for historic landmarks and heritage buildings. Direct Place subtype with no unique properties. Often dual-typed with TouristAttraction.
TouristDestination JSON-LD example for a region or place where tourists visit. Place subtype adding includesAttraction (the TouristAttraction list) and touristType (audience).
TouristTrip JSON-LD example for a guided or packaged tourist trip. Trip subtype adding touristType (Audience or Text).
Sports bodies and broadcast events
SportsOrganization for leagues and governing bodies. BroadcastEvent and OnDemandEvent for linear and on-demand programme availability.
SportsOrganization JSON-LD example for the parent type behind SportsTeam. Organization subtype adding one property: sport (Text or URL).
BroadcastEvent JSON-LD example for a specific broadcast instance of a program. PublicationEvent subtype adding broadcastOfEvent, isLiveBroadcast, subtitleLanguage, videoFormat.
OnDemandEvent JSON-LD stub for a non-linear availability window of a program (a catch-up TV episode, a podcast episode, a VOD title). Direct PublicationEvent subtype with no unique properties.
Recreation
Campgrounds, RV parks, playgrounds, aquariums, and zoos. Campground dual-inherits LodgingBusiness for the full stay/checkin vocabulary.
Campground JSON-LD stub for tent, RV, and cabin campgrounds. Dual-inherits CivicStructure and LodgingBusiness, giving it the full lodging vocabulary (checkinTime, checkoutTime, numberOfRooms, petsAllowed, starRating, amenityFeature, availableLanguage, audience).
RVPark JSON-LD stub for RV-focused overnight destinations. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Playground JSON-LD stub for children's playgrounds (public or private). Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Aquarium JSON-LD stub for public aquariums. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Zoo JSON-LD stub for public zoos and animal parks. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Transit
Stations, stops, terminals, and curbside transit points. Train/Bus/Subway/Boat terminals link to matching Trip types via departure/arrival properties.
TrainStation JSON-LD stub for rail stations. Direct CivicStructure subtype. Used as departureStation / arrivalStation on TrainTrip.
BusStation JSON-LD stub for bus stations and terminals. Direct CivicStructure subtype. Used as departureBusStop / arrivalBusStop on BusTrip.
BusStop JSON-LD stub for a single bus stop on a route. Direct CivicStructure subtype.
SubwayStation JSON-LD stub for metro, subway, and underground rail stations. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
BoatTerminal JSON-LD stub for ferry terminals and port passenger facilities. Direct CivicStructure subtype. Used as departureBoatTerminal / arrivalBoatTerminal on BoatTrip.
TaxiStand JSON-LD stub for taxi pickup locations. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
ParkingFacility JSON-LD stub for parking lots and garages. Direct CivicStructure subtype with no unique properties.
Value types and references
StructuredValue is the parent type for compound values in schema.org: amounts with currency, measurements with units, geographic points, key/value pairs, business hours, and contact methods.
StructuredValue JSON-LD example for the parent type behind GeoCoordinates, MonetaryAmount, QuantitativeValue, PropertyValue, ContactPoint, OpeningHoursSpecification, OfferShippingDetails, PostalAddress, and many more. Covers when structured objects beat free-text strings and how the StructuredValue family composes inside other types.
MonetaryAmount JSON-LD example for a salary range. Reference page covering all 6 MonetaryAmount properties: value, minValue, maxValue, currency, validFrom, validThrough. Used across schema.org for prices, salaries, fees, and any monetary value.
QuantitativeValue JSON-LD example for a product weight. Reference page covering all 7 QuantitativeValue properties: value, minValue, maxValue, unitCode, unitText, additionalProperty, valueReference. The standard schema.org structured value for measurements.
Duration reference page. Duration is a schema.org DataType (not a Thing subtype). Values are ISO 8601 duration strings like PT1H30M. Used on Movie, Recipe, Course, Event, JobPosting, and many other types for any time span property.
PropertyValue JSON-LD example for product specifications: material, weight, color, fit, print method, and care instructions. The key-value structure that Product and Place use for additional properties beyond the core fields.
GeoCoordinates JSON-LD example with latitude, longitude, and elevation for a retail shop location. The geographic pinpoint structure used inside LocalBusiness, Event, Place, and any type with a geo property.
ContactPoint JSON-LD example with customer service and technical support entries, phone numbers, email, available languages, and hours. The contact structure that Organization and LocalBusiness use for reachability.
PostalAddress JSON-LD example for a retail shop with street address, locality, region, postal code, and country. The addressing structure that Organization, LocalBusiness, Event, and Person all use for physical locations.
OpeningHoursSpecification JSON-LD example with weekday and weekend hours, a seasonal holiday extension, and a closure date. The business hours structure that LocalBusiness and Place use for the "Open now" badge in search results.
TypeAndQuantityNode JSON-LD example for bundle components and order line items: a reusable (product, quantity, business-function, unit) tuple. StructuredValue subtype from the GoodRelations vocabulary.
WarrantyPromise JSON-LD example for product warranty structured data. StructuredValue subtype with durationOfWarranty (QuantitativeValue) and warrantyScope (WarrantyScope enumeration).
Pricing and commerce specifications
Demand is the buyer-side mirror of Offer for wanted-to-buy listings and RFPs. PriceSpecification is the root of the pricing tree; its subtypes cover per-unit pricing, shipping charges, payment-method surcharges, and compound breakdowns of taxes and fees. EnergyConsumptionDetails carries EU / US energy-label classifications on appliances and vehicles.
Demand JSON-LD example, the mirror-image of Offer for buyer-side (wanted-to-buy) signals. Direct Intangible, 30+ properties shared with Offer (availability, eligibleRegion, priceSpecification, itemOffered).
PriceSpecification JSON-LD example for the root of the schema.org pricing tree. StructuredValue subtype carrying price, priceCurrency, validFrom / validThrough, eligibleQuantity, eligibleTransactionVolume, minPrice / maxPrice, and VAT flagging.
UnitPriceSpecification JSON-LD example for per-unit and subscription pricing. PriceSpecification subtype adding unitCode, unitText, referenceQuantity, billingDuration, billingIncrement, priceType.
DeliveryChargeSpecification JSON-LD example for shipping-fee rules on Offers and OfferShippingDetails. PriceSpecification subtype adding appliesToDeliveryMethod and areaServed.
PaymentChargeSpecification JSON-LD example for payment-method surcharges (credit-card fees, bank-transfer fees). PriceSpecification subtype adding appliesToPaymentMethod.
CompoundPriceSpecification JSON-LD example for bundled pricing with multiple components (base fare + taxes + fees). PriceSpecification subtype with priceComponent and priceType.
EnergyConsumptionDetails JSON-LD example for EU / US energy-label structured data on appliances and vehicles. Intangible with hasEnergyEfficiencyCategory and min/max scale bounds.
Shipping and fulfillment
OfferShippingDetails is the canonical node behind Google's merchant-listing shippingDetails badge. ShippingRateSettings publishes reusable rate tables; ShippingDeliveryTime splits handling / transit / cutoff so Google can compute the delivery window; OrderItem captures per-line fulfillment state inside an Order.
OfferShippingDetails JSON-LD example for Google's merchant listing shippingDetails rich result. Carries shippingRate, shippingDestination, deliveryTime, and the product's dimensions / weight for carrier-aware rate quotes.
ShippingRateSettings JSON-LD example for a reusable, label-referenced shipping rate table. Lets a merchant publish one rate block and point many Offers at it via shippingSettingsLink.
ShippingDeliveryTime JSON-LD example for Google's estimated delivery date badge. Splits handling time, transit time, cutoff time, and business days so Google can compute the delivery window from order time.
OrderItem JSON-LD example for a line item inside an Order. Structured-value subtype carrying orderItemNumber, orderQuantity, orderedItem, orderItemStatus, and orderDelivery for per-line fulfillment tracking.
Action inputs and location features
PropertyValueSpecification describes an Action's input constraints (required / min / max / pattern / default). LocationFeatureSpecification is the amenityFeature form for Place / Hotel amenity icons.
PropertyValueSpecification JSON-LD example for constraining an Action input: required / readonly / min / max / step / pattern / default. Used with the -input hint on Action properties to describe expected parameter shape.
LocationFeatureSpecification JSON-LD example for the amenityFeature of a Place, Accommodation, or LodgingBusiness. PropertyValue subtype adding hoursAvailable, validFrom, and validThrough for time-scoped amenities.
Financial products
FinancialProduct is the parent for every bank / lender / fintech published product. BankAccount covers checking and savings (bankAccountType, accountMinimumInflow, accountOverdraftLimit). LoanOrCredit covers mortgages and lines of credit (amount, loanTerm, loanType, gracePeriod, collateral). PaymentCard dual-inherits PaymentMethod + FinancialProduct.
FinancialProduct JSON-LD example for the parent of all published banking / credit / insurance offerings. Service subtype adding interestRate, annualPercentageRate, and feesAndCommissionsSpecification.
BankAccount JSON-LD example for checking, savings, and money-market accounts. FinancialProduct subtype adding bankAccountType, accountMinimumInflow, and accountOverdraftLimit.
LoanOrCredit JSON-LD example for mortgages, auto loans, student loans, lines of credit. FinancialProduct subtype adding amount, loanTerm, loanType, gracePeriod, requiredCollateral, recourseLoan, renegotiableLoan.
PaymentCard JSON-LD example for a credit or debit card product. Dual-inherits PaymentMethod + FinancialProduct, adding cashBack, contactlessPayment, floorLimit, and monthlyMinimumRepaymentAmount.
Audience targeting
PeopleAudience refines Audience with demographic / physical attributes (required / suggested age + gender, body measurements, health conditions). BusinessAudience covers B2B targeting by employee count, revenue, years in operation. Patient dual-inherits MedicalAudience + Person for clinical-content targeting.
PeopleAudience JSON-LD example for targeting content or products at a demographic: age range, gender, body measurements, health conditions. Audience subtype carrying the required / suggested age + gender + measurement trio.
BusinessAudience JSON-LD example for targeting B2B products at companies by revenue, employee count, or age. Audience subtype carrying yearsInOperation, yearlyRevenue, numberOfEmployees as QuantitativeValue ranges.
Patient JSON-LD example for a person in a medical context. Dual-inherits MedicalAudience + Person, adding diagnosis, drug, and healthCondition. Used on MedicalWebPage.audience and in case-report content.
Content depth — series, Q&A, API docs, engagement
VideoGameSeries is the 22-property franchise container for game series (seasons, episodes, characters, quests, platforms, credits). Question is the Q&A / FAQ / quiz node that feeds Google's Q&A rich result. APIReference pins API documentation pages to assembly + version + target platform for AI coding-assistant citation. InteractionCounter aggregates likes / views / shares / comments under interactionStatistic.
VideoGameSeries JSON-LD example for a franchise or multi-title game series. CreativeWorkSeries subtype with 22 direct properties covering seasons, episodes, characters, quests, gameplay, platforms, and production credits.
Question JSON-LD example for Q&A, FAQ, and quiz content. Comment subtype carrying acceptedAnswer, suggestedAnswer, answerCount, eduQuestionType. The node Google reads for Q&A rich results and quiz LearningResource pages.
APIReference JSON-LD example for API documentation pages. TechArticle subtype carrying assembly, assemblyVersion, targetPlatform, programmingModel, executableLibraryName for language / framework / version scoping.
InteractionCounter JSON-LD example for the aggregate likes / shares / comments / views count that sits under interactionStatistic on CreativeWork and Organization. StructuredValue subtype binding an Action type to a count, service, and optional time window.
Thing root + universal entity properties
Thing is the single root of the schema.org type tree; every type inherits its 13 properties (name, description, url, image, identifier, sameAs, potentialAction, mainEntityOfPage, etc.). Reach for Thing directly only when no subtype fits; its real value is as the document of universal entity signals.
Intangibles and structural values
ServiceChannel describes the concrete access methods for a Service (phone / URL / address / SMS). GeoShape handles arbitrary-shaped regions (box, circle, polygon, line) beyond single-point GeoCoordinates. Role wraps a relationship with time-scoped context (member since / captain from). ListItem powers breadcrumb and carousel results. AlignmentObject maps LearningResources to Common Core / NGSS nodes. GameServer tracks live multiplayer server status. BroadcastFrequencySpecification pins a broadcast channel's MHz / modulation / subchannel. OwnershipInfo publishes provenance chains. EngineSpecification carries Vehicle engine power, displacement, torque, fuel type.
ServiceChannel JSON-LD example for the specific way a Service can be accessed: phone, SMS, postal, in-person, online. Intangible subtype carrying servicePhone, serviceUrl, serviceLocation, availableLanguage, processingTime.
GeoShape JSON-LD example for a geographic region as a box, circle, polygon, or line. StructuredValue subtype used on Place.geo, Event.location, and areaServed to describe arbitrary-shaped service areas beyond a single GeoCoordinates point.
Role JSON-LD example for attaching time-scoped or context-scoped metadata to an existing property. Intangible subtype adding roleName, namedPosition, startDate, endDate — used when plain property values lose information (e.g. member since / until, player jersey number).
ListItem JSON-LD example for an entry in an ItemList or BreadcrumbList. Intangible subtype carrying item, position, previousItem, nextItem — the node behind Google's breadcrumb rich result and carousel results.
AlignmentObject JSON-LD example for mapping a LearningResource to a node in an educational framework (Common Core, IMS CASE, state standards). Intangible subtype carrying alignmentType, educationalFramework, targetName, targetUrl, targetDescription.
GameServer JSON-LD example for a live multiplayer game server. Intangible subtype carrying game, playersOnline, serverStatus (GameServerStatus enum). Used for online game server listings.
BroadcastFrequencySpecification JSON-LD example for the frequency, modulation, and subchannel of a radio / TV broadcast channel. Intangible subtype carrying broadcastFrequencyValue, broadcastSignalModulation (FM / AM / ATSC / DVB-T), broadcastSubChannel.
OwnershipInfo JSON-LD example for a historical ownership record of a Product or Service. StructuredValue subtype carrying acquiredFrom, ownedFrom, ownedThrough, typeOfGood — used on Person / Organization.owns to publish provenance (art, vehicles, IP).
EngineSpecification JSON-LD example for the engine of a Vehicle. StructuredValue subtype carrying enginePower, engineDisplacement, torque, fuelType, engineType — feeds Vehicle listings and merchant-listing engine-spec badges.
Medical and health
MedicalEntity is the parent type for medical conditions, procedures, anatomy, drugs, supplements, symptoms, therapies, and the code / guideline / study properties that every medical entity inherits.
MedicalEntity JSON-LD example for the parent type behind MedicalCondition, MedicalProcedure, AnatomicalStructure, Drug, and DietarySupplement. Covers code (MedicalCode), guideline (MedicalGuideline), study (MedicalStudy), legalStatus, and the medicalSpecialty enumeration that every medical entity inherits.
MedicalCondition JSON-LD example for post-war childhood malnutrition. Covers the 17 properties unique to MedicalCondition including signOrSymptom, possibleTreatment, associatedAnatomy, riskFactor, drug, stage, and how MedicalCondition connects to Drug and AnatomicalStructure.
MedicalProcedure JSON-LD example for a pediatric nutritional assessment. Covers bodyLocation, howPerformed, preparation, followup, procedureType with MedicalProcedureType enum, and how MedicalProcedure connects to MedicalCondition.
AnatomicalStructure JSON-LD example for the digestive system's small intestine. Covers connectedTo, partOfSystem, subStructure, relatedCondition, relatedTherapy, diagram, and bodyLocation (the 8 properties unique to AnatomicalStructure).
AnatomicalSystem JSON-LD example — a group of anatomical structures that work together (cardiovascular, digestive, nervous, endocrine, integumentary, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, reproductive, respiratory, urinary). Sibling of AnatomicalStructure under MedicalEntity.
SuperficialAnatomy JSON-LD example for a surface landmark (e.g. McBurney's point). MedicalEntity subtype for anatomical features observable by sight — surface landmarks that correspond to deeper subcutaneous structures, essential in physical-exam teaching.
Muscle JSON-LD example for biceps brachii — an AnatomicalStructure subtype carrying insertion, origin, muscleAction, antagonist, nerve (motor supply), and bloodSupply. The standard anatomy primer shape for medical reference pages.
Nerve JSON-LD example for the median nerve — AnatomicalStructure subtype carrying branch, sensoryUnit, sourcedFrom, and nerveMotor. The standard anatomy shape for peripheral nerve reference pages.
Vein JSON-LD example for the inferior vena cava — AnatomicalStructure subtype (via Vessel) carrying tributary, regionDrained, and drainsTo. The canonical shape for venous reference pages in medical primers.
Joint JSON-LD example for the knee — AnatomicalStructure subtype carrying structuralClass (synovial / fibrous / cartilaginous), functionalClass (diarthrosis / amphiarthrosis / synarthrosis), and biomechnicalClass (hinge / ball-and-socket / pivot / gliding / saddle / condyloid).
LymphaticVessel JSON-LD example for the thoracic duct — AnatomicalStructure subtype (via Vessel) carrying originatesFrom, regionDrained, and runsTo. The canonical shape for lymphatic reference pages.
MedicalOrganization JSON-LD example for a multi-disciplinary clinic — Organization subtype carrying healthPlanNetworkId, medicalSpecialty, and isAcceptingNewPatients. The parent of Hospital, MedicalClinic, Pharmacy, Physician, VeterinaryCare, Dentist, Optician, and DiagnosticLab for non-business medical entities.
PhysicalActivity JSON-LD example for a prescribed walking programme — LifestyleModification subtype for any bodily activity that enhances fitness or health. Carries category (AerobicActivity / StrengthTraining / Flexibility / LeisureTimeActivity / OccupationalActivity / Balance), associatedAnatomy, epidemiology, and pathophysiology.
DoseSchedule JSON-LD example — MedicalIntangible carrying doseValue, doseUnit, frequency, and targetPopulation. The structured dosing block attached to Drug, DietarySupplement, and TherapeuticProcedure.
InfectiousDisease JSON-LD example for tuberculosis — MedicalCondition subtype carrying infectiousAgent, infectiousAgentClass (Bacteria / Fungus / Virus / Protozoa / Prion / MulticellularParasite), and transmissionMethod. The canonical shape for public-health condition references.
TherapeuticProcedure JSON-LD example for a supervised cardiac rehabilitation programme — MedicalProcedure subtype carrying doseSchedule, drug, and adverseOutcome. Parent of MedicalTherapy, PhysicalExam-driven therapies, and PsychologicalTreatment.
Drug JSON-LD example for a fictional pediatric fever reducer. Covers the most important of Drug's 29 unique properties: activeIngredient, dosageForm, prescriptionStatus, interactingDrug, pregnancyCategory, and the dual inheritance from Product and MedicalEntity.
DietarySupplement JSON-LD example for a vitamin product. DietarySupplement has 10 unique properties covering active ingredients, dosage, safety, and legal status for supplements taken orally.
Nutrition and dietary
NutritionInformation carries the nutrition-facts label on Recipe, MenuItem, and packaged Product. RestrictedDiet is the 11-value enum (vegan, gluten-free, kosher, halal, low-sodium, etc.) behind suitableForDiet.
NutritionInformation JSON-LD example for nutrition-label structured data on recipes, packaged foods, and menu items. StructuredValue with 12 nutrient properties (calories, fat, carbohydrate, protein, etc.) plus servingSize.
RestrictedDiet JSON-LD reference for the suitableForDiet enumeration. 11 values covering medical, religious, and lifestyle diets, used on Recipe and MenuItem.
Government and civic structures
Government buildings (CityHall, Courthouse, Embassy, LegislativeBuilding, DefenceEstablishment), emergency services (EmergencyService parent + FireStation and PoliceStation with dual CivicStructure inheritance), civic utilities (Cemetery, Crematorium, PublicToilet), and the organisation / service / permit side (GovernmentOrganization, GovernmentService, Permit, GovernmentPermit). Typed classification drives local / civic knowledge panels.
GovernmentBuilding JSON-LD example for a government-owned facility. Direct CivicStructure subtype, parent of CityHall, Courthouse, Embassy, LegislativeBuilding, DefenceEstablishment. No unique properties.
CityHall JSON-LD example for a municipal seat of government. Direct GovernmentBuilding subtype. No unique properties; the type signals mayoral / council functions.
Courthouse JSON-LD example for a building where court is held. Direct GovernmentBuilding subtype. No unique properties; model court calendars, public access, and security with inherited CivicStructure properties.
Embassy JSON-LD example for a diplomatic mission (embassies and consulates general). Direct GovernmentBuilding subtype. No unique properties; appointment-booking and jurisdiction are the key inherited patterns.
LegislativeBuilding JSON-LD example for a state capitol, parliament, or congressional building. Direct GovernmentBuilding subtype. Key pattern: session calendars, gallery access, tour schedules.
DefenceEstablishment JSON-LD example for a military base or defence installation. Direct GovernmentBuilding subtype. No unique properties; publicAccess is typically false.
EmergencyService JSON-LD example for emergency-response organisations: fire departments, police departments, EMS/ambulance services, coast guard, mountain rescue. Direct LocalBusiness subtype and parent of FireStation and PoliceStation.
FireStation JSON-LD example for a fire station. Dual-inherits CivicStructure + EmergencyService. 24/7 hours, engine company info, community education programmes.
PoliceStation JSON-LD example for a police station. Dual-inherits CivicStructure + EmergencyService. 24/7 emergency coverage + records-counter hours, services like fingerprinting and reporting.
Cemetery JSON-LD example for a graveyard. Direct CivicStructure subtype. No unique properties; model visiting hours, plot search, and memorial programmes with inherited properties.
Crematorium JSON-LD example for a cremation facility. Direct CivicStructure subtype. No unique properties; commonly paired with FuneralParlor services via hasOfferCatalog.
PublicToilet JSON-LD example for a public restroom. Direct CivicStructure subtype. Accessibility, opening hours, and gender-neutral signalling are the high-value inherited patterns.
GovernmentOrganization JSON-LD example for the Borough of Dunmore municipal government. Covers areaServed for jurisdictional scope, department for sub-agencies, and how GovernmentOrganization pairs with GovernmentService for public services.
GovernmentService JSON-LD example for a Dunmore municipal trash pickup service. Covers jurisdiction and serviceOperator (the 2 properties unique to GovernmentService) plus inherited Service properties.
Permit JSON-LD example for a permission granted by an authority. Intangible with 7 direct properties (issuedBy, issuedThrough, permitAudience, validFor, validFrom, validIn, validUntil). Parent of GovernmentPermit.
GovernmentPermit JSON-LD example for a permit issued by a government agency. Direct Permit subtype. Use for building permits, health permits, vehicle permits, and similar government-issued authorisations.
How-to depth
Granular how-to vocabulary for recipes and DIY content: HowToSection for grouping, HowToDirection for fine-grained actions with before/during/after media, HowToTip for optional guidance, HowToSupply for consumables, HowToTool for tools kept after.
HowToSection JSON-LD example for a named section within a HowTo. Dual-inherits ListItem + CreativeWork. Groups HowToStep / HowToDirection entries.
HowToDirection JSON-LD example for a single action within a HowTo. Dual-inherits ListItem + CreativeWork. Adds afterMedia / beforeMedia / duringMedia, performTime, supply, tool.
HowToTip JSON-LD example for advisory text within a HowTo (not a required step). Dual-inherits ListItem + CreativeWork. No unique properties.
HowToSupply JSON-LD example for a material consumed in a HowTo (ingredient, paint, lumber). HowToItem subtype with estimatedCost.
HowToTool JSON-LD example for a tool used (but not consumed) in a HowTo. HowToItem subtype with no unique properties.
WebPage subtypes
Typed page classifications that feed knowledge-graph entity resolution and page-type filters: AboutPage, ContactPage, ItemPage, ProfilePage (Google rich result), SearchResultsPage, CollectionPage + ImageGallery / VideoGallery, MedicalWebPage, RealEstateListing.
AboutPage JSON-LD example for a website's About page. Direct WebPage subtype with no unique properties.
ContactPage JSON-LD example for a website's Contact page. Direct WebPage subtype. Pair mainEntity with an Organization carrying contactPoint entries.
ItemPage JSON-LD example for a page focused on a single item (product, article, person). Direct WebPage subtype with no unique properties.
ProfilePage JSON-LD example for a person or organisation profile page. Direct WebPage subtype. Google's Profile Page rich result keys on this type.
SearchResultsPage JSON-LD example for an on-site search-results page. Direct WebPage subtype. Use noindex meta + SearchResultsPage type to signal a results page to crawlers.
CollectionPage JSON-LD example for a listing / category / tag page. Direct WebPage subtype. Parent of ImageGallery and VideoGallery.
ImageGallery JSON-LD example for a photo-gallery page. Direct CollectionPage subtype. Use ItemList + ImageObject for the gallery contents.
VideoGallery JSON-LD example for a video-collection page. Direct CollectionPage subtype. Use ItemList + VideoObject for the collection contents.
MedicalWebPage JSON-LD example for patient-education and clinical-reference pages. WebPage subtype with aspect and medicalAudience.
RealEstateListing JSON-LD example for a property-listing page (sale or rent). WebPage subtype with datePosted and leaseLength.
Content depth
Blog (container for BlogPosting), MenuSection + MenuItem (restaurant menu hierarchy), Clip (video key-moment markers), MedicalTherapy (non-procedural treatments).
Blog JSON-LD example for the parent container of BlogPosting entries. CreativeWork subtype with blogPost and issn.
MenuSection JSON-LD example for a named section of a restaurant menu. CreativeWork subtype with hasMenuItem and hasMenuSection (recursive).
MenuItem JSON-LD example for a single menu entry. Intangible subtype with menuAddOn, nutrition, offers, suitableForDiet.
Clip JSON-LD example for a segment of audio or video (TV clip, podcast highlight, YouTube key-moment). CreativeWork subtype with clipNumber, startOffset, endOffset, partOfEpisode/Season/Series.
MedicalTherapy JSON-LD example for a non-procedural therapy (radiation, physical therapy, dietary intervention). TherapeuticProcedure subtype with duplicateTherapy, seriousAdverseOutcome, contraindication.
Health insurance
US-style health-plan vocabulary: HealthInsurancePlan (PPO / EPO / HMO) with plan IDs, drug tiers, SBC URLs; HealthPlanNetwork for provider networks; HealthPlanFormulary for drug formularies; HealthPlanCostSharingSpecification for detailed copay / coinsurance structures.
HealthInsurancePlan JSON-LD example for a US-style health-insurance plan (PPO, EPO, HMO). Intangible with 9 direct properties covering plan ID, drug tiers, networks, and formulary.
HealthPlanNetwork JSON-LD example for the provider network of a HealthInsurancePlan. Intangible with healthPlanCostSharing, healthPlanNetworkId, healthPlanNetworkTier.
HealthPlanFormulary JSON-LD example for the drug formulary of a HealthInsurancePlan. Intangible with healthPlanDrugOption, healthPlanDrugTier, healthPlanCostSharing.
HealthPlanCostSharingSpecification JSON-LD example for the cost-sharing structure (copays, coinsurance, pharmacy category) of a health plan.
Education programmes
EducationalOccupationalProgram for degree / certificate / bootcamp programmes (23 direct properties); WorkBasedProgram for apprenticeships and on-the-job training with progressive trainingSalary.
EducationalOccupationalProgram JSON-LD example for a degree / certificate / apprenticeship programme. Intangible with 23 direct properties covering application, credits, cost, duration, and outcomes.
WorkBasedProgram JSON-LD example for an apprenticeship or on-the-job training programme. EducationalOccupationalProgram subtype emphasising occupationalCategory and trainingSalary.
Enumeration reference
Standalone reference pages for schema.org enumerations. Every value listed with the host property that accepts it. Covers identity, events, hours, commerce status, returns, delivery, payment, permissions, and sizing.
GenderType JSON-LD reference. Enumeration with Male and Female values; used as the value of the gender property on Person and SportsTeam.
DayOfWeek JSON-LD reference. 8-value Enumeration (Monday-Sunday + PublicHolidays). Used on OpeningHoursSpecification.dayOfWeek, Schedule.byDay, ServicePeriod/ShippingDeliveryTime.businessDays, EducationalOccupationalProgram.dayOfWeek.
PhysicalActivityCategory JSON-LD reference. 7-value Enumeration for classifying physical activity: aerobic, anaerobic, balance, flexibility, leisure, occupational, strength.
EventAttendanceModeEnumeration JSON-LD reference. 3-value Enumeration (Offline, Online, Mixed). Used as Event.eventAttendanceMode. Required for Google's virtual-event rich result.
GameServerStatus JSON-LD reference. 4-value StatusEnumeration (Online, OnlineFull, OfflineTemporarily, OfflinePermanently). Used as GameServer.serverStatus.
DigitalDocumentPermissionType JSON-LD reference. 3-value Enumeration (Read, Write, Comment). Used as DigitalDocumentPermission.permissionType.
MusicAlbumProductionType JSON-LD reference. 9-value Enumeration classifying album content (studio, live, compilation, mixtape, remix, soundtrack, spoken-word, demo, DJ mix). Used as MusicAlbum.albumProductionType.
BookFormatType JSON-LD reference. 6-value Enumeration (Hardcover, Paperback, EBook, AudiobookFormat, GraphicNovel, Pamphlet). Used as Book.bookFormat.
OrderStatus JSON-LD reference. 8-value Enumeration for order / order-item lifecycle state. Used as Order.orderStatus and OrderItem.orderItemStatus.
ReservationStatusType JSON-LD reference. 4-value StatusEnumeration (Confirmed, Pending, Hold, Cancelled). Used as Reservation.reservationStatus.
MerchantReturnEnumeration JSON-LD reference. 4-value Enumeration for return-policy categories (finite window, unlimited window, not permitted, unspecified). Used as MerchantReturnPolicy.returnPolicyCategory.
ReturnFeesEnumeration JSON-LD reference. 5-value Enumeration for return-fee policies (free return, original shipping, restocking, customer-responsibility, return shipping). Used on MerchantReturnPolicy.returnFees.
ReturnMethodEnumeration JSON-LD reference. 4-value Enumeration (ReturnByMail, ReturnInStore, ReturnAtKiosk, KeepProduct). Used as MerchantReturnPolicy.returnMethod.
DeliveryMethod JSON-LD reference. 8-value Enumeration (ParcelService, LockerDelivery, OnSitePickup + 5 DeliveryMode* values) plus named-carrier subclasses (DHL, FederalExpress, UPS). Used as appliesToDeliveryMethod / availableDeliveryMethod / hasDeliveryMethod.
PaymentMethod JSON-LD reference. 8-value Enumeration + PaymentCard / PaymentService subclasses. Used as paymentMethod, acceptedPaymentMethod, appliesToPaymentMethod.
ContactPointOption JSON-LD reference. 2-value Enumeration (HearingImpairedSupported, TollFree). Used as ContactPoint.contactOption.
WearableSizeSystemEnumeration JSON-LD reference. 14-value Enumeration for apparel sizing systems (US, UK, EU, JP + 10 others). Used as SizeSpecification.sizeSystem.
RestrictedDiet JSON-LD reference for the suitableForDiet enumeration. 11 values covering medical, religious, and lifestyle diets, used on Recipe and MenuItem.
MedicalSpecialty JSON-LD reference for the 42-value enumeration used as medicalSpecialty on every medical type (Hospital, Physician, MedicalClinic, Pharmacy, MedicalEntity, etc.).
Data publishing
DataCatalog for open-data portals, DataFeed for live streams, DataFeedItem for individual feed entries, DataDownload for distribution files (CSV / JSON / Parquet). DCAT-compatible structured-data vocabulary.
DataCatalog JSON-LD example for a catalogue of datasets (CKAN / data.gov / Dataverse-style). CreativeWork subtype with dataset, measurementMethod, measurementTechnique.
DataFeed JSON-LD example for a feed of dataset items (a streaming / batch data feed). Dataset subtype with dataFeedElement for the feed's items.
DataFeedItem JSON-LD example for a single element inside a DataFeed. Intangible with dateCreated, dateModified, dateDeleted, item.
DataDownload JSON-LD example for a downloadable distribution of a Dataset (CSV, JSON, Parquet). MediaObject subtype. Attach via Dataset.distribution.
Statistics and data journalism
Observation (a single measured point), StatisticalPopulation (a constrained demographic slice), QuantitativeValueDistribution (median + percentiles), MonetaryAmountDistribution (wage / price ranges). The building blocks of schema.org's statistical-data graph.
Observation JSON-LD example for a single statistical observation at a specific time/place. Intangible + QuantitativeValue dual inheritance. Properties: measuredProperty, observationAbout, observationDate, value, variableMeasured, marginOfError.
StatisticalPopulation JSON-LD example for a population defined by demographic constraints (Adults aged 25-34 in Lackawanna County). Intangible with populationType and numConstraints.
QuantitativeValueDistribution JSON-LD example for statistical distributions (median + percentiles 10/25/75/90 over a duration). StructuredValue parent of MonetaryAmountDistribution.
MonetaryAmountDistribution JSON-LD example for a currency-denominated distribution (wage percentiles, price ranges). QuantitativeValueDistribution subtype adding currency.
Commerce depth
SizeSpecification (apparel sizing), MerchantReturnPolicy (Google product return rich result), OfferForLease / OfferForPurchase (explicit businessFunction offers).
SizeSpecification JSON-LD example for apparel / footwear / accessory sizes. QualitativeValue subtype with sizeSystem, sizeGroup, suggestedAge, suggestedGender, suggestedMeasurement.
MerchantReturnPolicy JSON-LD example for a product's return policy. Intangible with ~20 properties covering window, fees, methods, seasonal overrides. Required for Google's product return rich result.
OfferForLease JSON-LD example for a lease-out offer (rental, leasing, subscription rental). Direct Offer subtype with no unique properties; businessFunction is implicitly LeaseOut.
OfferForPurchase JSON-LD example for a sell-out offer (standard retail). Direct Offer subtype with no unique properties; businessFunction is implicitly Sell.
Health and fitness depth
ExercisePlan and Diet for published fitness / nutrition plans. MedicalRiskFactor, MedicalRiskEstimator, MedicalRiskScore for clinical-calculator markup. DrugCost, DrugStrength, DrugClass for pharmaceutical knowledge graphs.
ExercisePlan JSON-LD example for a structured exercise programme. Dual-inherits PhysicalActivity (via LifestyleModification) and CreativeWork. 8 direct properties.
Diet JSON-LD example for a dietary plan (Mediterranean, DASH, low-FODMAP). Dual-inherits LifestyleModification and CreativeWork. Properties: dietFeatures, endorsers, expertConsiderations, physiologicalBenefits, risks.
MedicalRiskFactor JSON-LD example for a factor that increases disease risk (smoking, hypertension, family history). MedicalEntity subtype with increasesRiskOf.
MedicalRiskEstimator JSON-LD example for a tool estimating disease risk (Framingham, FRAX, ASCVD). MedicalEntity subtype with estimatesRiskOf and includedRiskFactor.
MedicalRiskScore JSON-LD example for an explicit risk-score formula. MedicalRiskEstimator subtype with algorithm.
DrugCost JSON-LD example for per-unit drug cost (wholesale, retail, reimbursement cap). MedicalEntity subtype with 6 direct properties.
DrugStrength JSON-LD example for the strength of a drug presentation (10 mg, 40 mg/ml). MedicalIntangible with activeIngredient, strengthValue, strengthUnit, maximumIntake, availableIn.
DrugClass JSON-LD example for a pharmacological class (statins, ACE inhibitors, SSRIs). MedicalEntity subtype with drug.
Legal and music depth
LegislationObject for the published file form of legislation with legal-value signalling. MusicComposition for the musical work as distinct from any MusicRecording.
LegislationObject JSON-LD example for the published file of a piece of Legislation (PDF / HTML / XML). Dual-inherits Legislation + MediaObject with legislationLegalValue.
MusicComposition JSON-LD example for a musical work (distinct from MusicRecording which is a specific recording). CreativeWork subtype with composer, lyricist, iswcCode, musicalKey, firstPerformance, recordedAs.
Digital documents
DigitalDocument subtypes for note, presentation, spreadsheet, and text document files.
DigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a downloadable PDF whitepaper on structured data ROI. Covers hasDigitalDocumentPermission for access control, encoding with MediaObject for file metadata, pagination, and how DigitalDocument differs from Article for non-HTML published content.
NoteDigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a note document (Apple Notes, OneNote, Evernote entry). Direct DigitalDocument subtype with no unique properties.
PresentationDigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a slide deck (Keynote, PowerPoint, Google Slides). Direct DigitalDocument subtype with no unique properties.
SpreadsheetDigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a spreadsheet (Excel, Google Sheets, Numbers). Direct DigitalDocument subtype with no unique properties.
TextDigitalDocument JSON-LD example for a long-form text document (Word, Pages, Google Docs). Direct DigitalDocument subtype with no unique properties.
Web page elements
WebPageElement and its subtypes for semantic regions of a page: SiteNavigationElement, WPHeader, WPFooter, WPSideBar, WPAdBlock, Table. Use cssSelector or xpath to pin each element.
WebPageElement JSON-LD example for a component of a web page (header, footer, sidebar, ad block). CreativeWork subtype with cssSelector and xpath. Parent of SiteNavigationElement, Table, WPFooter, WPHeader, WPSideBar, WPAdBlock.
SiteNavigationElement JSON-LD example for site navigation (primary / secondary nav). Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
WPHeader JSON-LD example for a page's header region. Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
WPFooter JSON-LD example for a page's footer region. Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
WPSideBar JSON-LD example for a sidebar region. Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
WPAdBlock JSON-LD example for an advertising region of a page. Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
Table JSON-LD example for a table within a web page. Direct WebPageElement subtype with no unique properties.
Action plumbing and membership
EntryPoint for Action invocation targets, ActionAccessSpecification for constraints, ProgramMembership for loyalty / frequent-flyer markup, Seat for reserved seating on tickets.
EntryPoint JSON-LD example for an Action's invocation target (URL template, HTTP method, platform, content type). Intangible with 7 direct properties.
ActionAccessSpecification JSON-LD example for geographic / subscription / date constraints on an Action. Intangible with 7 direct properties.
ProgramMembership JSON-LD example for loyalty / rewards / traveller-club memberships. Intangible with 6 direct properties: hostingOrganization, member, membershipNumber, membershipPointsEarned, program, programName.
Seat JSON-LD example for a reserved seat on a flight, train, or event ticket. Intangible with seatNumber, seatRow, seatSection, seatingType.
Taxi and ride-hire
TaxiService (canonical) and Taxi (legacy, superseded). Covers fare structures as CompoundPriceSpecification, providerMobility dynamic, wheelchair-accessible fleet modelling.
TaxiService JSON-LD example for a taxi or ride-hire service. Direct Service subtype. Covers areaServed, hoursAvailable, provider (Organization), providerMobility, offers. The canonical type (supersedes the old Taxi type).
Taxi JSON-LD reference. Legacy type superseded by TaxiService. Kept for back-compatibility; new implementations should use TaxiService.
Medical research and reference
Clinical trials, observational studies, and the typed medical reference vocabulary. MedicalTrial (trialDesign + status), MedicalObservationalStudy (studyDesign), MedicalTest (normalRange), MedicalDevice (preOp/procedure/postOp), MedicalSignOrSymptom (possibleTreatment), MedicalCode (ICD-10 / SNOMED CT / LOINC), MedicalContraindication, MedicalSpecialty enum reference.
MedicalTrial JSON-LD example for a clinical trial. MedicalStudy subtype with one direct property (trialDesign, MedicalTrialDesign enum) plus inherited status, healthCondition, sponsor.
MedicalObservationalStudy JSON-LD example for a non-interventional cohort, registry, or cross-sectional study. MedicalStudy subtype with one direct property: studyDesign (MedicalObservationalStudyDesign enum).
MedicalTest JSON-LD example for a clinical test. Direct MedicalEntity subtype with 5 direct properties: affectedBy, normalRange, signDetected, usedToDiagnose, usesDevice. Parent of BloodTest, ImagingTest, PathologyTest, MedicalTestPanel.
MedicalDevice JSON-LD example for an FDA-cleared medical device. Direct MedicalEntity subtype with 6 direct properties: adverseOutcome, contraindication, postOp, preOp, procedure, seriousAdverseOutcome.
MedicalSignOrSymptom JSON-LD example for clinical signs (objective findings) and symptoms (patient-reported). MedicalCondition subtype with one direct property: possibleTreatment.
MedicalCode JSON-LD example for ICD-10, SNOMED CT, CPT, LOINC, RxNorm, or NDC codes attached to medical entities. Dual-inherits MedicalIntangible + CategoryCode. Properties: codeValue, codingSystem.
MedicalContraindication JSON-LD example for absolute and relative contraindications to a Drug, MedicalTherapy, or MedicalProcedure. Direct MedicalEntity subtype; no unique properties.
MedicalSpecialty JSON-LD reference for the 42-value enumeration used as medicalSpecialty on every medical type (Hospital, Physician, MedicalClinic, Pharmacy, MedicalEntity, etc.).
MedicalGuideline JSON-LD example for a clinical practice guideline. MedicalEntity subtype adding evidenceLevel (MedicalEvidenceLevel A/B/C), evidenceOrigin, guidelineDate, guidelineSubject. Parent of MedicalGuidelineRecommendation and MedicalGuidelineContraindication.
MedicalStudy JSON-LD example for a clinical study. MedicalEntity subtype adding healthCondition, sponsor, status (MedicalStudyStatus enum), studyLocation, studySubject. Parent of MedicalObservationalStudy and MedicalTrial.
MedicalEntity JSON-LD example for the parent type behind MedicalCondition, MedicalProcedure, AnatomicalStructure, Drug, and DietarySupplement. Covers code (MedicalCode), guideline (MedicalGuideline), study (MedicalStudy), legalStatus, and the medicalSpecialty enumeration that every medical entity inherits.
Medical providers
Healthcare businesses: Hospital (triple-inherits CivicStructure + EmergencyService + MedicalOrganization), Physician (solo practice), MedicalClinic (multi-provider outpatient), Pharmacy, DiagnosticLab (availableTest), VeterinaryCare (animal care), Optician (retail eyewear), Dentist.
Hospital JSON-LD example for an acute-care hospital. Triple-inherits CivicStructure + EmergencyService + MedicalOrganization. Direct properties: availableService, medicalSpecialty, healthcareReportingData.
Physician JSON-LD example for an individual doctor's practice. Dual-inherits MedicalBusiness + MedicalOrganization. 5 direct properties: availableService, hospitalAffiliation, medicalSpecialty, occupationalCategory, usNPI.
MedicalClinic JSON-LD example for a multi-provider outpatient clinic. Dual-inherits MedicalBusiness + MedicalOrganization. Direct properties: availableService, medicalSpecialty.
Pharmacy JSON-LD example for a retail pharmacy. Dual-inherits MedicalBusiness + MedicalOrganization with no unique properties. Use for drug-dispensing local-search listings.
DiagnosticLab JSON-LD example for a clinical diagnostic laboratory (bloodwork, imaging-read, genetic testing). MedicalOrganization subtype with one direct property: availableTest.
VeterinaryCare JSON-LD example for a veterinary practice. Direct MedicalOrganization subtype for animal-healthcare providers. No unique properties.
Optician JSON-LD example for an eyeglass and contact-lens retailer. Direct MedicalBusiness subtype (a LocalBusiness specialty). No unique properties.
Dentist JSON-LD example for a dental practice in Dunmore. Covers medicalSpecialty, isAcceptingNewPatients, availableService with MedicalProcedure, insurance accepted via paymentAccepted, and the MedicalBusiness property set for healthcare local search.
MedicalBusiness JSON-LD overview. MedicalBusiness is the parent type for Dentist, Physician, Optician, and other healthcare businesses. For a complete example, see the Dentist page.
Credentials and incentives
Certifications, financial incentives, and marketplace types.
Credential JSON-LD example for a schema.org certification. Covers credentialCategory, recognizedBy, validFor, and validIn (the 4 properties unique to Credential), plus the EducationalOccupationalCredential subtype.
FinancialIncentive JSON-LD example for a structured data adoption tax credit. Covers the 14 properties unique to FinancialIncentive including incentiveType, incentiveStatus, incentiveAmount, incentivizedItem, and the IncentiveType/IncentiveStatus enums.
OnlineMarketplace JSON-LD example for a fictional Xoo marketplace. Covers hasStore (the one property unique to OnlineMarketplace), the OnlineStore/OnlineBusiness hierarchy, and how marketplace markup relates to merchant identity in Google Shopping.
Actions
Action is the parent type behind every schema.org activity verb: searches, purchases, content consumption, subscriptions, movement, creation, assessment, and more.
Action JSON-LD example for the parent type behind all schema.org activity verbs. Covers the 7 Action properties (agent, object, participant, startTime, endTime, location, result), the Action state values (PotentialActionStatus, ActiveActionStatus, CompletedActionStatus, FailedActionStatus), and how Action subtypes attach to entities as potentialAction or subjectOf.
AchieveAction JSON-LD example for completing a certification. AchieveAction is the parent of WinAction, LoseAction, and TieAction for actions that result in an accomplishment.
AssessAction JSON-LD example for evaluating a product. AssessAction is the parent of ReviewAction, ChooseAction, and ReactAction for actions that evaluate or judge something.
ConsumeAction JSON-LD example for reading an article. ConsumeAction is the parent of ViewAction, WatchAction, ReadAction, ListenAction, PlayAction, UseAction, EatAction, DrinkAction, and InstallAction.
ControlAction JSON-LD example for activating a subscription. ControlAction is the parent of ActivateAction, DeactivateAction, ResumeAction, and SuspendAction for lifecycle actions on services and devices.
CreateAction JSON-LD example for writing a blog post. CreateAction is the parent of WriteAction, PhotographAction, DrawAction, FilmAction, CookAction, and PaintAction for actions that produce a CreativeWork.
FindAction JSON-LD example for tracking a shipment. FindAction is the parent of CheckAction, DiscoverAction, and TrackAction for actions that locate or monitor something.
InteractAction JSON-LD example for registering for a course. InteractAction is the parent of CommunicateAction, FollowAction, JoinAction, LeaveAction, MarryAction, RegisterAction, BefriendAction, and SubscribeAction for social and community actions.
MoveAction JSON-LD example for traveling between cities. MoveAction is the parent of TravelAction, ArriveAction, and DepartAction for movement between places.
OrganizeAction JSON-LD example for bookmarking a product. OrganizeAction is the parent of AllocateAction, ApplyAction, BookmarkAction, and PlanAction for actions that arrange or schedule something.
PlayAction JSON-LD example for a live concert performance. PlayAction is the parent of PerformAction and ExerciseAction for actions with entertainment or recreational value.
SearchAction JSON-LD reference — Action subtype with query. Known primarily as WebSite.potentialAction for sitelinks searchbox; the property-level reference page.
SeekToAction JSON-LD example for jumping to key moments in a video. SeekToAction is used as potentialAction on VideoObject to tell Google where within the video to jump to for a named moment.
SolveMathAction JSON-LD example for solving an equation. SolveMathAction is used on math education content to express the act of solving a problem, paired with eduQuestionType.
TradeAction JSON-LD example for a purchase. TradeAction is the parent of BuyAction, SellAction, OrderAction, PayAction, DonateAction, RentAction, TipAction, PreOrderAction, and QuoteAction for commerce actions.
TransferAction JSON-LD example for downloading a file. TransferAction is the parent of BorrowAction, DownloadAction, GiveAction, LendAction, MoneyTransfer, ReceiveAction, ReturnAction, SendAction, and TakeAction for actions that move something between parties.
UpdateAction JSON-LD example for adding a product to a cart. UpdateAction is the parent of AddAction, DeleteAction, and ReplaceAction for actions that modify a collection or entity.
BuyAction JSON-LD example for purchasing a XooTee. BuyAction adds one property (seller) on top of TradeAction's price properties. Used in potentialAction on Product to indicate a purchase option.
OrderAction JSON-LD example for ordering a product for delivery. OrderAction adds one property (deliveryMethod) on top of TradeAction's price properties.
ViewAction JSON-LD example for viewing a blog post. ViewAction adds no properties of its own; used as potentialAction on CreativeWork to provide a direct link to view content.
WatchAction JSON-LD example for watching a documentary. WatchAction adds no properties of its own; used as potentialAction on VideoObject or Movie to provide a direct watch link.
SubscribeAction JSON-LD example for a newsletter signup. SubscribeAction adds no properties of its own; used as potentialAction to express a subscription option on a website or content entity.
ExerciseAction JSON-LD example for a running session — a PlayAction subtype describing exertive activity for health and fitness. Carries exerciseType, distance, sportsActivityLocation, exerciseCourse, exercisePlan, sportsEvent, opponent, and the diet/exerciseRelatedDiet pairing.
CommunicateAction JSON-LD example — the parent of AskAction, CheckInAction, CheckOutAction, CommentAction, InformAction, InviteAction, ReplyAction, and ShareAction. Carries recipient, about, language, and inLanguage.
DonateAction JSON-LD example for a charitable gift. TransferAction subtype carrying price, priceCurrency, priceSpecification, and recipient — used in email receipts and charity-platform action markup.
CookAction JSON-LD example for preparing a recipe. CreateAction subtype linking to a Recipe, a FoodEvent, or a FoodEstablishment — used in cooking activity streams and recipe execution markup.
RsvpAction JSON-LD example for an event RSVP in Gmail markup. Carries rsvpResponse (Yes/No/Maybe), additionalNumberOfGuests, and comment — the canonical form for Gmail confirm-your-attendance action cards.
Navigation and structure
Breadcrumbs, web pages, search actions, and page-level markup.
BreadcrumbList JSON-LD example using XooCode's own navigation trail as the breadcrumb. Covers the ListItem composition pattern, 1-indexed positions, the item-as-URL vs item-as-entity choice, and the difference between BreadcrumbList and the old breadcrumb string property on WebPage.
WebPage markup should be the cornerstone of all your markup work. WebPage can and should per definition be used on all webpages without exception. Follow our simple, yet deep WebPage markup example to understand how.
ImageObject JSON-LD example with content URL, dimensions, caption, creator, copyright holder, license, and acquisition source. The image metadata structure used inside Article, Product, Person, and any type with an image property.
SearchAction JSON-LD reference — Action subtype with query. Known primarily as WebSite.potentialAction for sitelinks searchbox; the property-level reference page.
Cartography and identification
Maps, barcodes, and parcel delivery schemas for venue maps, ticket tokens, and shipping notifications.
Map JSON-LD example for a museum venue map. Covers the mapType property with the full MapCategoryType enumeration (ParkingMap, SeatingMap, TransitMap, VenueMap) and how Map relates to downloadable site plans, seating charts, and transit diagrams.
Barcode JSON-LD example for a ticket barcode. Barcode is an ImageObject subtype with no properties of its own; it inherits the full ImageObject vocabulary (contentUrl, encodingFormat, caption, embeddedTextCaption, width, height).
ParcelDelivery JSON-LD example for a shipping notification email. Covers the 11 ParcelDelivery properties (trackingNumber, trackingUrl, carrier, expectedArrivalFrom, expectedArrivalUntil, hasDeliveryMethod, itemShipped, deliveryAddress, originAddress, partOfOrder, deliveryStatus) and how Gmail uses this for package tracking.
Tier C specialised types
Specialised schema.org types with narrow but useful properties: Invoice, Audience subtypes, medical reference entities, role wrappers, and the long tail of Action verbs (Buy, Sell, Rent, Pay, Tip, Send, Receive, Track, Give, Lend, Borrow, Return, Join, Leave, Follow, Ask, Reply, Comment, Invite, Inform, Authorize, Endorse, Plan, Review, Perform, Travel, Win, Lose, Vote, Choose, Write, Replace, Insert).
Invoice JSON-LD example — Intangible + LegalDocument carrying totalPaymentDue, paymentStatus, paymentDueDate, customer, provider, accountId, billingPeriod, and referencesOrder. Gmail invoice markup target.
Audience JSON-LD reference — Intangible parent of PeopleAudience, MedicalAudience, ParentAudience, EducationalAudience, BusinessAudience, Researcher, PatientExperiencer. Carries audienceType and geographicArea.
ParentAudience JSON-LD reference — PeopleAudience subtype carrying childMinAge and childMaxAge. Used for content aimed at parents of children in a specific age band.
EducationalAudience JSON-LD reference — Audience subtype carrying educationalRole (student, teacher, administrator). Used on LearningResource / Course / ScholarlyArticle.audience.
PostalCodeRangeSpecification JSON-LD reference — StructuredValue with postalCodeBegin and postalCodeEnd. Used on DefinedRegion.postalCodeRange for shipping / service-area polygons.
SpeakableSpecification JSON-LD reference — Intangible with cssSelector and xpath fields. Used on Article.speakable to mark spoken-friendly passages for Google Assistant news narration.
GeoCircle JSON-LD example — GeoShape subtype with geoMidpoint (GeoCoordinates) and geoRadius (Distance / Number / Text). Canonical form for 'within X km' service areas.
BedDetails JSON-LD example — Intangible with numberOfBeds and typeOfBed. Superseded by BedType enum for Hotel listings, but still used in reservation metadata.
Answer JSON-LD example — Comment subtype with answerExplanation and parentItem. Half of the Q&A rich-result pair with Question.
Audiobook JSON-LD example — AudioObject + Book dual-inheritance with readBy and duration. Google Podcasts / audiobook knowledge panel.
MediaSubscription JSON-LD reference — Intangible with expectsAcceptanceOf and authenticator. Used with ActionAccessSpecification and Movie/Article.requiresSubscription for paywall / subscription markup.
DigitalDocumentPermission JSON-LD reference — Intangible with grantee and permissionType. Used on DigitalDocument.hasDigitalDocumentPermission for access-control metadata.
MedicalSign JSON-LD example — MedicalSignOrSymptom subtype carrying identifyingTest and identifyingExam. A clinically observable sign (vs a patient-reported symptom).
Substance JSON-LD example — MedicalEntity subtype carrying activeIngredient and maximumIntake. Parent of Drug and DietarySupplement.
DDxElement JSON-LD example — MedicalIntangible with diagnosis and distinguishingSign. One element in a differential diagnosis.
MedicalConditionStage JSON-LD reference — MedicalIntangible with stageAsNumber and subStageSuffix. Attached to MedicalCondition.stage for cancer staging, TB stages, CKD grades.
Artery JSON-LD example — Vessel / AnatomicalStructure subtype carrying arterialBranch and supplyTo. Counterpart to Vein.
PathologyTest JSON-LD reference — MedicalTest subtype carrying tissueSample. Any test involving tissue analysis (biopsy, cytology, histology).
MedicalTestPanel JSON-LD reference — MedicalTest subtype carrying subTest. A bundle of individual tests ordered together (metabolic panel, lipid panel).
ImagingTest JSON-LD reference — MedicalTest subtype carrying imagingTechnique (MedicalImagingTechnique enum: CT / MRI / PET / Ultrasound / XRay / Radiography).
DrugLegalStatus JSON-LD reference — MedicalIntangible with applicableLocation. Used on Drug.legalStatus for controlled-substance schedules that vary by jurisdiction.
MedicalGuidelineRecommendation JSON-LD reference — MedicalGuideline subtype carrying recommendationStrength. For specific recommendations within a guideline.
MedicalCause JSON-LD reference — MedicalEntity subtype carrying causeOf. An aetiological cause of a condition (pathogen, behaviour, genetic factor).
MedicalScholarlyArticle JSON-LD reference — ScholarlyArticle subtype carrying publicationType. For peer-reviewed medical literature.
InvestmentOrDeposit JSON-LD reference — FinancialProduct subtype carrying amount. Parent of BrokerageAccount, DepositAccount, InvestmentFund.
EducationalOrganization JSON-LD example — CivicStructure + Organization dual-inheritance with alumni. Parent of CollegeOrUniversity, School, ElementarySchool, HighSchool, MiddleSchool, Preschool, and EducationalSupport.
IndividualPhysician JSON-LD reference — Physician subtype carrying practicesAt. For a single doctor (vs a group practice / Physician organization).
PerformanceRole JSON-LD reference — Role subtype with characterName. For an actor's role in a performance.
OrganizationRole JSON-LD reference — Role subtype with numberedPosition. For a person's role within an organization (board seat, department head).
HowToItem JSON-LD reference — ListItem subtype with requiredQuantity. For ingredients/tools/supplies in HowTo / Recipe tool lists.
TVClip JSON-LD reference — Clip subtype with partOfTVSeries. Short excerpt from a TV series (promo, highlight, recap).
WriteAction JSON-LD reference — CreateAction subtype with language and inLanguage. For authoring activity streams.
ChooseAction JSON-LD reference — AssessAction subtype with option / actionOption. Parent of VoteAction.
VoteAction JSON-LD reference — ChooseAction subtype with candidate. For casting a vote in an election.
ReplaceAction JSON-LD reference — UpdateAction subtype with replacee and replacer. Used in activity streams for version replacement.
InsertAction JSON-LD reference — AddAction subtype with toLocation. Inserting an object into a location.
RentAction JSON-LD reference — TradeAction subtype with landlord and realEstateAgent. Renting a property or vehicle.
SellAction JSON-LD reference — TradeAction subtype with buyer and warrantyPromise. Selling a product or service.
PayAction JSON-LD reference — TradeAction subtype with recipient. Transferring money to a recipient.
TipAction JSON-LD reference — TradeAction subtype with recipient. Voluntary payment for service.
SendAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with recipient and deliveryMethod. Sending an object.
ReceiveAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with sender and deliveryMethod. Receiving an object.
TrackAction JSON-LD reference — FindAction subtype with deliveryMethod. Tracking an Order / shipment.
ReturnAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with recipient. Returning a purchased item.
GiveAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with recipient. Giving an object without compensation.
LendAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with borrower. Lending an object.
BorrowAction JSON-LD reference — TransferAction subtype with lender. Mirror of LendAction.
LeaveAction JSON-LD reference — InteractAction subtype with event. Leaving an event / organization / community.
JoinAction JSON-LD reference — InteractAction subtype with event. Joining an event / group.
FollowAction JSON-LD reference — InteractAction subtype with followee. Following a person on a social platform.
AskAction JSON-LD reference — CommunicateAction subtype with question. Asking a question.
ReplyAction JSON-LD reference — CommunicateAction subtype with resultComment. Replying to a comment or post.
CommentAction JSON-LD reference — CommunicateAction subtype with resultComment. Posting a top-level comment.
InviteAction JSON-LD reference — CommunicateAction subtype with event. Inviting someone to an event.
InformAction JSON-LD reference — CommunicateAction subtype with event. Informing someone about an event (parent of RsvpAction and ConfirmAction).
AuthorizeAction JSON-LD reference — AllocateAction subtype with recipient. Granting permission to a recipient.
EndorseAction JSON-LD reference — ReactAction subtype with endorsee. Publicly endorsing a Person / CreativeWork.
PlanAction JSON-LD reference — OrganizeAction subtype with scheduledTime. Planning a future action.
ReviewAction JSON-LD reference — AssessAction subtype with resultReview. Producing a Review.
PerformAction JSON-LD reference — PlayAction subtype with entertainmentBusiness. For a performance at a venue.
TravelAction JSON-LD reference — MoveAction subtype with distance. Traveling some distance.
WinAction JSON-LD reference — AchieveAction subtype with loser. Winning a competition.
LoseAction JSON-LD reference — AchieveAction subtype with winner. Mirror of WinAction.
Tier D niche / classification reference pages
The long tail of schema.org — classification-only types and niche subtypes that complete the vocabulary coverage. Medical anatomy leaves (Bone, Ligament, BrainStructure, Vessel), religious buildings, school levels, action verb completions, dose schedule variants, and the remaining Organization / Place / Action subtypes.
AcceptAction JSON-LD reference. The act of committing to/adopting an object. Related actions: * [[RejectAction]]: The antonym of AcceptAction.
ActivateAction JSON-LD reference. The act of starting or activating a device or application (e.g. starting a timer or turning on a flashlight).
AddAction JSON-LD reference. The act of editing by adding an object to a collection.
AgreeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of expressing a consistency of opinion with the object. An agent agrees to/about an object (a proposition, topic or theme) with participants.
AllocateAction JSON-LD reference. The act of organizing tasks/objects/events by associating resources to it.
AMRadioChannel JSON-LD reference. A radio channel that uses AM.
AppendAction JSON-LD reference. The act of inserting at the end if an ordered collection.
ApplyAction JSON-LD reference. The act of registering to an organization/service without the guarantee to receive it. Related actions: * [[RegisterAction]]: Unlike RegisterAction, ApplyAction has
ApprovedIndication JSON-LD reference. An indication for a medical therapy that has been formally specified or approved by a regulatory body that regulates use of the therapy; for example, the US FDA approves
ArriveAction JSON-LD reference. The act of arriving at a place. An agent arrives at a destination from a fromLocation, optionally with participants.
AssignAction JSON-LD reference. The act of allocating an action/event/task to some destination (someone or something).
AutomatedTeller JSON-LD reference. ATM/cash machine.
BankOrCreditUnion JSON-LD reference. Bank or credit union.
BedType JSON-LD reference. A type of bed. This is used for indicating the bed or beds available in an accommodation.
BefriendAction JSON-LD reference. The act of forming a personal connection with someone (object) mutually/bidirectionally/symmetrically. Related actions: * [[FollowAction]]: Unlike FollowAction, Bef
BloodTest JSON-LD reference. A medical test performed on a sample of a patient's blood.
Bone JSON-LD reference. Rigid connective tissue that comprises up the skeletal structure of the human body.
BookmarkAction JSON-LD reference. An agent bookmarks/flags/labels/tags/marks an object.
BrainStructure JSON-LD reference. Any anatomical structure which pertains to the soft nervous tissue functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity.
BuddhistTemple JSON-LD reference. A Buddhist temple.
BusinessEntityType JSON-LD reference. A business entity type is a conceptual entity representing the legal form, the size, the main line of business, the position in the value chain, or any combination thereo
BusinessFunction JSON-LD reference. The business function specifies the type of activity or access (i.e., the bundle of rights) offered by the organization or business person through the offer. Typical are
CableOrSatelliteService JSON-LD reference. A service which provides access to media programming like TV or radio. Access may be via cable or satellite.
CancelAction JSON-LD reference. The act of asserting that a future event/action is no longer going to happen. Related actions: * [[ConfirmAction]]: The antonym of CancelAction.
CatholicChurch JSON-LD reference. A Catholic church.
CheckAction JSON-LD reference. An agent inspects, determines, investigates, inquires, or examines an object's accuracy, quality, condition, or state.
CheckInAction JSON-LD reference. The act of an agent communicating (service provider, social media, etc) their arrival by registering/confirming for a previously reserved service (e.g. flight check-in) o
CheckOutAction JSON-LD reference. The act of an agent communicating (service provider, social media, etc) their departure of a previously reserved service (e.g. flight check-in) or place (e.g. hotel).
CheckoutPage JSON-LD reference. Web page type: Checkout page.
Church JSON-LD reference. A church.
ComputerLanguage JSON-LD reference. This type covers computer programming languages such as Scheme and Lisp, as well as other language-like computer representations. Natural languages are best represented w
ConfirmAction JSON-LD reference. The act of notifying someone that a future event/action is going to happen as expected. Related actions: * [[CancelAction]]: The antonym of ConfirmAction.
Conversation JSON-LD reference. One or more messages between organizations or people on a particular topic. Individual messages can be linked to the conversation with isPartOf or hasPart properties.
Cooperative JSON-LD reference. An organization that is a joint project of multiple organizations or persons.
CoverArt JSON-LD reference. The artwork on the outer surface of a CreativeWork.
CreditCard JSON-LD reference. A card payment method of a particular brand or name. Used to mark up a particular payment method and/or the financial product/service that supplies the card account. C
CurrencyConversionService JSON-LD reference. A service to convert funds from one currency to another currency.
DanceGroup JSON-LD reference. A dance group—for example, the Alvin Ailey Dance Theater or Riverdance.
DeactivateAction JSON-LD reference. The act of stopping or deactivating a device or application (e.g. stopping a timer or turning off a flashlight).
DeleteAction JSON-LD reference. The act of editing a recipient by removing one of its objects.
DepartAction JSON-LD reference. The act of departing from a place. An agent departs from a fromLocation for a destination, optionally with participants.
DepositAccount JSON-LD reference. A type of Bank Account with a main purpose of depositing funds to gain interest or other benefits.
DiagnosticProcedure JSON-LD reference. A medical procedure intended primarily for diagnostic, as opposed to therapeutic, purposes.
DisagreeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of expressing a difference of opinion with the object. An agent disagrees to/about an object (a proposition, topic or theme) with participants.
DiscoverAction JSON-LD reference. The act of discovering/finding an object.
DislikeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of expressing a negative sentiment about the object. An agent dislikes an object (a proposition, topic or theme) with participants.
Distance JSON-LD reference. Properties that take Distances as values are of the form '<Number> <Length unit of measure>'. E.g., '7 ft'.
DownloadAction JSON-LD reference. The act of downloading an object.
DrawAction JSON-LD reference. The act of producing a visual/graphical representation of an object, typically with a pen/pencil and paper as instruments.
DrinkAction JSON-LD reference. The act of swallowing liquids.
EatAction JSON-LD reference. The act of swallowing solid objects.
ElementarySchool JSON-LD reference. An elementary school.
EmployerAggregateRating JSON-LD reference. An aggregate rating of an Organization related to its role as an employer.
Energy JSON-LD reference. Properties that take Energy as values are of the form '<Number> <Energy unit of measure>'.
EventVenue JSON-LD reference. An event venue.
ExerciseGym JSON-LD reference. A gym.
FilmAction JSON-LD reference. The act of capturing sound and moving images on film, video, or digitally.
FMRadioChannel JSON-LD reference. A radio channel that uses FM.
GatedResidenceCommunity JSON-LD reference. Residence type: Gated community.
HighSchool JSON-LD reference. A high school.
HinduTemple JSON-LD reference. A Hindu temple.
IgnoreAction JSON-LD reference. The act of intentionally disregarding the object. An agent ignores an object.
InstallAction JSON-LD reference. The act of installing an application.
Intangible JSON-LD reference. A utility class that serves as the umbrella for a number of 'intangible' things such as quantities, structured values, etc.
Language JSON-LD reference. Natural languages such as Spanish, Tamil, Hindi, English, etc. Formal language code tags expressed in [BCP 47](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag) can be use
LifestyleModification JSON-LD reference. A process of care involving exercise, changes to diet, fitness routines, and other lifestyle changes aimed at improving a health condition.
Ligament JSON-LD reference. A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that functions to connect multiple bones, cartilages, and structurally support joints.
LikeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of expressing a positive sentiment about the object. An agent likes an object (a proposition, topic or theme) with participants.
ListenAction JSON-LD reference. The act of consuming audio content.
MarryAction JSON-LD reference. The act of marrying a person.
Mass JSON-LD reference. Properties that take Mass as values are of the form '<Number> <Mass unit of measure>'. E.g., '7 kg'.
MaximumDoseSchedule JSON-LD reference. The maximum dosing schedule considered safe for a drug or supplement as recommended by an authority or by the drug/supplement's manufacturer. Capture the recommending aut
MediaGallery JSON-LD reference. Web page type: Media gallery page. A mixed-media page that can contain media such as images, videos, and other multimedia.
MedicalAudience JSON-LD reference. Target audiences for medical web pages.
MedicalGuidelineContraindication JSON-LD reference. A guideline contraindication that designates a process as harmful and where quality of the data supporting the contraindication is sound.
MedicalIndication JSON-LD reference. A condition or factor that indicates use of a medical therapy, including signs, symptoms, risk factors, anatomical states, etc.
MedicalIntangible JSON-LD reference. A utility class that serves as the umbrella for a number of 'intangible' things in the medical space.
MedicalRiskCalculator JSON-LD reference. A complex mathematical calculation requiring an online calculator, used to assess prognosis. Note: use the url property of Thing to record any URLs for online calculators
MedicalSymptom JSON-LD reference. Any complaint sensed and expressed by the patient (therefore defined as subjective) like stomachache, lower-back pain, or fatigue.
MeetingRoom JSON-LD reference. A meeting room, conference room, or conference hall is a room provided for singular events such as business conferences and meetings (source: Wikipedia, the free encyclop
MiddleSchool JSON-LD reference. A middle school (typically for children aged around 11-14, although this varies somewhat).
Mosque JSON-LD reference. A mosque.
MovieClip JSON-LD reference. A short segment/part of a movie.
MusicVideoObject JSON-LD reference. A music video file.
OccupationalTherapy JSON-LD reference. A treatment of people with physical, emotional, or social problems, using purposeful activity to help them overcome or learn to deal with their problems.
OfferCatalog JSON-LD reference. An OfferCatalog is an ItemList that contains related Offers and/or further OfferCatalogs that are offeredBy the same provider.
PaintAction JSON-LD reference. The act of producing a painting, typically with paint and canvas as instruments.
PalliativeProcedure JSON-LD reference. A medical procedure intended primarily for palliative purposes, aimed at relieving the symptoms of an underlying health condition.
PaymentService JSON-LD reference. A Service to transfer funds from a person or organization to a beneficiary person or organization.
PerformingArtsTheater JSON-LD reference. A theater or other performing art center.
PerformingGroup JSON-LD reference. A performance group, such as a band, an orchestra, or a circus.
PhotographAction JSON-LD reference. The act of capturing still images of objects using a camera.
PhysicalTherapy JSON-LD reference. A process of progressive physical care and rehabilitation aimed at improving a health condition.
PhysiciansOffice JSON-LD reference. A doctor's office or clinic.
PoliticalParty JSON-LD reference. Organization: Political Party.
PostOffice JSON-LD reference. A post office.
PreOrderAction JSON-LD reference. An agent orders a (not yet released) object/product/service to be delivered/sent.
PrependAction JSON-LD reference. The act of inserting at the beginning if an ordered collection.
Preschool JSON-LD reference. A preschool.
PreventionIndication JSON-LD reference. An indication for preventing an underlying condition, symptom, etc.
ProfessionalService JSON-LD reference. Original definition: "provider of professional services." The general [[ProfessionalService]] type for local businesses was deprecated due to confusion with [[Servic
PsychologicalTreatment JSON-LD reference. A process of care relying upon counseling, dialogue and communication aimed at improving a mental health condition without use of drugs.
PublicSwimmingPool JSON-LD reference. A public swimming pool.
Quantity JSON-LD reference. Quantities such as distance, time, mass, weight, etc. Particular instances of say Mass are strings like '3 kg' or '4 milligrams'.
QuoteAction JSON-LD reference. An agent quotes/estimates/appraises an object/product/service with a price at a location/store.
RadiationTherapy JSON-LD reference. A process of care using radiation aimed at improving a health condition.
RadioClip JSON-LD reference. A short radio program or a segment/part of a radio program.
RadioSeason JSON-LD reference. Season dedicated to radio broadcast and associated online delivery.
ReactAction JSON-LD reference. The act of responding instinctively and emotionally to an object, expressing a sentiment.
ReadAction JSON-LD reference. The act of consuming written content.
RecommendedDoseSchedule JSON-LD reference. A recommended dosing schedule for a drug or supplement as prescribed or recommended by an authority or by the drug/supplement's manufacturer. Capture the recommending aut
RegisterAction JSON-LD reference. The act of registering to be a user of a service, product or web page. Related actions: * [[JoinAction]]: Unlike JoinAction, RegisterAction implies you are register
RejectAction JSON-LD reference. The act of rejecting to/adopting an object. Related actions: * [[AcceptAction]]: The antonym of RejectAction.
ReportedDoseSchedule JSON-LD reference. A patient-reported or observed dosing schedule for a drug or supplement.
Researcher JSON-LD reference. Researchers.
ReserveAction JSON-LD reference. Reserving a concrete object. Related actions: * [[ScheduleAction]]: Unlike ScheduleAction, ReserveAction reserves concrete objects (e.g. a table, a hotel) towards a
ResumeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of resuming a device or application which was formerly paused (e.g. resume music playback or resume a timer).
RiverBodyOfWater JSON-LD reference. A river (for example, the broad majestic Shannon).
ScheduleAction JSON-LD reference. Scheduling future actions, events, or tasks. Related actions: * [[ReserveAction]]: Unlike ReserveAction, ScheduleAction allocates future actions (e.g. an event, a t
School JSON-LD reference. A school.
SequentialArt JSON-LD reference. An art forms that use images deployed in a specific order for the purpose of graphic storytelling (i.e., narration of graphic stories) or conveying information. Examples
Series JSON-LD reference. A Series in schema.org is a group of related items, typically but not necessarily of the same kind. See also [[CreativeWorkSeries]], [[EventSeries]].
ShareAction JSON-LD reference. The act of distributing content to people for their amusement or edification.
SkiResort JSON-LD reference. A ski resort.
SportsClub JSON-LD reference. A sports club.
SurgicalProcedure JSON-LD reference. A medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed for diagnose, or therapeutic purposes.
SuspendAction JSON-LD reference. The act of momentarily pausing a device or application (e.g. pause music playback or pause a timer).
Synagogue JSON-LD reference. A synagogue.
TakeAction JSON-LD reference. The act of gaining ownership of an object from an origin. Reciprocal of GiveAction. Related actions: * [[GiveAction]]: The reciprocal of TakeAction. * [[ReceiveAct
TennisComplex JSON-LD reference. A tennis complex.
TextObject JSON-LD reference. A text file. The text can be unformatted or contain markup, html, etc.
TheaterGroup JSON-LD reference. A theater group or company, for example, the Royal Shakespeare Company or Druid Theatre.
TieAction JSON-LD reference. The act of reaching a draw in a competitive activity.
TreatmentIndication JSON-LD reference. An indication for treating an underlying condition, symptom, etc.
UnRegisterAction JSON-LD reference. The act of un-registering from a service. Related actions: * [[RegisterAction]]: antonym of UnRegisterAction. * [[LeaveAction]]: Unlike LeaveAction, UnRegisterActi
UseAction JSON-LD reference. The act of applying an object to its intended purpose.
Vessel JSON-LD reference. A component of the human body circulatory system comprised of an intricate network of hollow tubes that transport blood throughout the entire body.
VideoGameClip JSON-LD reference. A short segment/part of a video game.
VitalSign JSON-LD reference. Vital signs are measures of various physiological functions in order to assess the most basic body functions.
WantAction JSON-LD reference. The act of expressing a desire about the object. An agent wants an object.
WarrantyScope JSON-LD reference. A range of services that will be provided to a customer free of charge in case of a defect or malfunction of a product. Commonly used values: * http://purl.org/good
WearAction JSON-LD reference. The act of dressing oneself in clothing.
WorkersUnion JSON-LD reference. A Workers Union (also known as a Labor Union, Labour Union, or Trade Union) is an organization that promotes the interests of its worker members by collectively bargainin
Enumeration reference pages
Closed-value vocabularies in schema.org — the URI lists consumers filter against. Status types, medical enums, vehicle classifications, music formats, and map categories.
Enumeration JSON-LD reference — the root of every closed-value set in schema.org. 531 descendant values ship under it: DayOfWeek, ItemAvailability, EventStatusType, OfferItemCondition, and hundreds more.
QualitativeValue JSON-LD reference — Enumeration subtype for qualitative assessments on an ordered scale. Parent of SteeringPositionValue, DriveWheelConfigurationValue, and dozens of clothing/body-measurement size groups.
MedicalEnumeration JSON-LD reference — Enumeration subtype parent for every medical closed-value vocabulary: MedicalSpecialty, MedicalStudyStatus, DrugPregnancyCategory, MedicalImagingTechnique, PhysicalExam, and more.
StatusEnumeration JSON-LD reference — Enumeration parent for ActionStatusType, EventStatusType, OrderStatus, PaymentStatusType, ReservationStatusType, LegalForceStatus, GameServerStatus, and IncentiveStatus.
Specialty JSON-LD reference — Enumeration parent of MedicalSpecialty (42 medical specialties like Pediatric, Cardiovascular, Oncologic, Dermatologic). Used on MedicalBusiness / MedicalOrganization / MedicalEntity.relevantSpecialty.
ItemAvailability JSON-LD reference — 12-value Enumeration driving Offer.availability in Google merchant-listing rich results: InStock, OutOfStock, PreOrder, PreSale, BackOrder, SoldOut, Discontinued, LimitedAvailability, MadeToOrder, InStoreOnly, OnlineOnly, Reserved.
OfferItemCondition JSON-LD reference — 4-value Enumeration on Offer.itemCondition (also MerchantReturnPolicy.itemCondition): NewCondition, UsedCondition, RefurbishedCondition, DamagedCondition. Merchant-listing rich result filter.
ActionStatusType JSON-LD reference — 4-value StatusEnumeration on Action.actionStatus: PotentialActionStatus, ActiveActionStatus, CompletedActionStatus, FailedActionStatus. Used in email markup and ActivityStreams.
EventStatusType JSON-LD reference — 5-value StatusEnumeration on Event.eventStatus: EventScheduled, EventCancelled, EventPostponed, EventRescheduled, EventMovedOnline. Google Events rich result signal.
PaymentStatusType JSON-LD reference — 5-value StatusEnumeration on Order.paymentStatus / Invoice.paymentStatus: PaymentDue, PaymentPastDue, PaymentComplete, PaymentAutomaticallyApplied, PaymentDeclined.
RsvpResponseType JSON-LD reference — 3-value Enumeration on RsvpAction.rsvpResponse: RsvpResponseYes, RsvpResponseNo, RsvpResponseMaybe. The canonical values for Gmail RSVP action markup.
InfectiousAgentClass JSON-LD reference — 6-value MedicalEnumeration on InfectiousDisease.infectiousAgentClass: Bacteria, Virus, Fungus, Protozoa, MulticellularParasite, Prion.
DrugPregnancyCategory JSON-LD reference — 6-value MedicalEnumeration on Drug.pregnancyCategory: FDAcategoryA, FDAcategoryB, FDAcategoryC, FDAcategoryD, FDAcategoryX, FDAnotEvaluated. FDA risk grades in pregnancy.
DrugPrescriptionStatus JSON-LD reference — 2-value MedicalEnumeration on Drug.prescriptionStatus: PrescriptionOnly, OTC.
MedicalStudyStatus JSON-LD reference — 10-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalStudy / MedicalCondition / MedicalProcedure / MedicalSignOrSymptom / MedicalTherapy.status: Recruiting, ActiveNotRecruiting, EnrollingByInvitation, NotYetRecruiting, Completed, Suspended, Terminated, Withdrawn, ResultsAvailable, ResultsNotAvailable.
MedicineSystem JSON-LD reference — 6-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalEntity.medicineSystem: WesternConventional, TraditionalChinese, Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, Chiropractic, Osteopathic.
MedicalProcedureType JSON-LD reference — 2-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalProcedure.procedureType: NoninvasiveProcedure, PercutaneousProcedure.
MedicalAudienceType JSON-LD reference — 2-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalAudience: Clinician, MedicalResearcher. Complements the wider Patient + Person audiences.
MedicalImagingTechnique JSON-LD reference — 6-value MedicalEnumeration on ImagingTest.imagingTechnique: CT, MRI, PET, Ultrasound, XRay, Radiography.
MedicalEvidenceLevel JSON-LD reference — 3-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalGuideline.evidenceLevel: EvidenceLevelA, EvidenceLevelB, EvidenceLevelC (highest to lowest evidence grade).
MedicalDevicePurpose JSON-LD reference — 2-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalDevice.purpose: Diagnostic, Therapeutic.
DrugCostCategory JSON-LD reference — 3-value MedicalEnumeration on DrugCost.costCategory: Retail, Wholesale, ReimbursementCap.
MedicalTrialDesign JSON-LD reference — 9-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalTrial.trialDesign: DoubleBlindedTrial, SingleBlindedTrial, TripleBlindedTrial, RandomizedTrial, OpenTrial, PlaceboControlledTrial, SingleCenterTrial, MultiCenterTrial, InternationalTrial.
MedicalObservationalStudyDesign JSON-LD reference — 6-value MedicalEnumeration on MedicalObservationalStudy.studyDesign: CaseSeries, CohortStudy, CrossSectional, Longitudinal, Observational, Registry.
PhysicalExam JSON-LD reference — 14-value MedicalEnumeration + MedicalProcedure dual-inheritance on physicalExamination findings: Abdomen, Appearance, CardiovascularExam, Ear, Eye, Genitourinary, Head, Lung, MusculoskeletalExam, Neck, Neuro, Nose, Skin, Throat.
SteeringPositionValue JSON-LD reference — 2-value QualitativeValue on Vehicle.steeringPosition: LeftHandDriving, RightHandDriving. Essential for cross-border vehicle listings.
DriveWheelConfigurationValue JSON-LD reference — 4-value QualitativeValue on Vehicle.driveWheelConfiguration: AllWheelDriveConfiguration, FourWheelDriveConfiguration, FrontWheelDriveConfiguration, RearWheelDriveConfiguration.
CarUsageType JSON-LD reference — 3-value Enumeration on Car.vehicleSpecialUsage: DrivingSchoolVehicleUsage, RentalVehicleUsage, TaxiVehicleUsage.
BoardingPolicyType JSON-LD reference — 2-value Enumeration on Flight.boardingPolicy: GroupBoardingPolicy, ZoneBoardingPolicy.
MapCategoryType JSON-LD reference — 4-value Enumeration on Map.mapType: ParkingMap, SeatingMap, TransitMap, VenueMap.
GamePlayMode JSON-LD reference — 3-value Enumeration on Game / VideoGame / VideoGameSeries.playMode: CoOp, MultiPlayer, SinglePlayer.
ItemListOrderType JSON-LD reference — 3-value Enumeration on ItemList.itemListOrder: ItemListOrderAscending, ItemListOrderDescending, ItemListUnordered.
MusicAlbumReleaseType JSON-LD reference — 4-value Enumeration on MusicAlbum.albumReleaseType: AlbumRelease, SingleRelease, EPRelease, BroadcastRelease.
MusicReleaseFormatType JSON-LD reference — 7-value Enumeration on MusicRelease.musicReleaseFormat: CDFormat, CassetteFormat, DVDFormat, DigitalAudioTapeFormat, DigitalFormat, LaserDiscFormat, VinylFormat.