Substance

Substance is the MedicalEntity subtype for any substance of clinical interest, parent of Drug and DietarySupplement. Properties: activeIngredient (Text) and maximumIntake (MaximumDoseSchedule).

Full example of schema.org/Substance json-ld markup

The markup is verified as valid with Rich Results Test from Google.

schema.org/Substance

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Substance",
  "name": "Caffeine",
  "activeIngredient": "1,3,7-trimethylxanthine",
  "maximumIntake": {
    "@type": "MaximumDoseSchedule",
    "doseValue": 400,
    "doseUnit": "mg",
    "frequency": "Per day (healthy adults)"
  }
}
</script>

Minimal valid version

The smallest markup that still produces a valid Substance entity. Use it as the floor. Reach for the advanced example above when you want search engines and AI agents to understand more about your content.

schema.org/Substance (minimal)

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Substance",
  "name": "Caffeine"
}
</script>

Google rich results this unlocks

Substance is a structural type. It does not produce a rich result on its own.

Its value comes from combining it with a primary type whose markup earns a rich result (Article, Product, Event, and so on). Substance becomes the trunk that the primary type branches off viamainEntityorbreadcrumb. Include it on every page as the backbone of your markup.

Common Substance mistakes

Mistakes that pass validation but silently fail to earn rich results or mislead consumers walking the graph. Avoid these and your markup will be ahead of most sites in the wild.

01
Substance where Drug fits
Wrong
```
Substance on a pharmaceutical product
```
Right
```
Drug for pharmaceuticals (carries prescriptionStatus, pregnancyCategory, administrationRoute)
```
Use the richest applicable subtype; Substance is for compounds that aren't marketed drugs or supplements.

Schema properties in this example

Substance MedicalEntity activeIngredient maximumIntake MaximumDoseSchedule doseValue doseUnit frequency

About the example data

Base type for every substance in the Dunmore Archive's pharmacology reference.

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